地黄对芝麻化感作用及其化感物质分离鉴定.pdfVIP

植物生态学报 2009, 33 (6) 1191~1198 Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 地黄对芝麻的化感作用及其化感物质的分离鉴定 王明道 陈红歌 刘新育 高玉千 吴 坤 贾新成* (河南农业大学生命科学学院,郑州 450002) 摘 要 通过分离地黄(Rehmannia glutinosa)组织中抑制芝麻(Sesamum indicum)生长发育的化感物质, 以弄清 地黄茬种植芝麻造成芝麻严重减产的原因。以芝麻为受体的生物测定为检测跟踪手段, 通过浸提、萃取、硅胶柱 层析分离方法及气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)鉴定方法, 分离鉴定了地黄组织影响芝麻的化感物质。对地黄不同组织的 浸提液进行的生物测定结果表明: 影响芝麻生长发育的化感物质在地黄叶中含量高。地黄叶浸提液的不同有机相 萃取组分的生物测定结果表明: 乙酸乙酯相化感活性最强, 乙酯乙酯相通过硅胶柱层析分离获得的洗脱组分Fr7 化感活性最强。通过GC-MS及验证试验证明: 地黄抑制芝麻生长的化感物质是月桂酸和2,6-二叔丁基苯酚。研究 表明地黄他感作用与自毒作用的化感物质是不同的。 关键词 地黄 芝麻 化感作用 化感物质 分离鉴定 ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ALLELOCHEMICALS FROM REH- MANNIA GLUTINOSA THAT AFFECT SESAMUM INDICUM * WANG Ming-Dao, CHEN Hong-Ge, LIU Xin-Yu, GAO Yu-Qian, WU Kun, and JIA Xin-Cheng College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China Abstract Aims Our objective was to explore why Sesamum indicum yield declined severely when planted after Rehmannia glutinosa in crop rotation. Methods We used extraction, silica gel column chromatography, gas chromatography mass spec- trometry and bioassay to isolate and identify allelochemicals from R. glutinosa that affect S. indicum. Bioassays were conducted with extractions from different parts of R. glutinosa. Important findings Leaf parts had high allelochemical content. Ethyl acetate phase extraction con- tained most allelochemicals. Active elution Fr7 was obtained by silica gel column chromatography. Al- lelochemicals lauric acid and 2,6-Ditertbutyl phenol were isolated and identified by use of gas chroma- tography mass spectrometry. R. glutinosa and S. indicum b