成考、专升本必备之高数一.pdfVIP

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成考、专升本必备之高数一.pdf

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目录一、函数与极限 ·························································································································2 1、集合的概念····················································································································2 2 、常量与变量····················································································································3 2 、函数·······························································································································4 3、函数的简单性态············································································································4 4 、反函数 ···························································································································5 5、复合函数 ·······················································································································6 6、初等函数 ·······················································································································6 7、双曲函数及反双曲函数·································································································7 8、数列的极限····················································································································8 9、函数的极限····················································································································9 10、函数极限的运算规则·································································································11 一、函数与极限 1、集合的概念一般地我们把研究对象统称为元素，把一些元素组成的总体叫集合（简称集）。集合具有确定性（给定集合的元素必须是确定的）和互异性（给定集合中的元素是互不相同的）。比如“身材较高的人”不能构成集合，因为它的元素不是确定的。我们通常用大字拉丁字母 A 、B 、C、„„表示集合，用小写拉丁字母 a、b 、c„„表示集合中的元素。如果 a 是集合 A 中的元素，就说 a 属于 A ，记作：a ∈A ，否则就说 a 不属于 A ，记作：a A 。 ⑴、全体非负整数组成的集合叫做非负整数集（或自然数集）。记作 N