corpus文献.pdfVIP

Parsing and Grammar Description, Corpus-Based 19 Parsing and Grammar Description, Corpus-Based D Biber, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Rohdenburg and Mondorf, 2003, on grammatical AZ, USA variation; and Lindquist and Mair, 2004, on gram- 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. maticalization). Corpus-based analysis also provided the basis for the Longman grammar of spoken and Introduction: Corpus-Based written English (LGSWE; Biber et al., 1999), the first comprehensive reference grammar of English to syste- Investigations of Grammar and Use matically describe the grammatical patterns of varia- English teachers and textbook authors often rely on tion and use in addition to structural aspects (see also their intuitions to choose the most important words the accompanying student grammar and workbook, and grammatical structures to focus on. For example, Biber et al., 2002, and Conrad et al., 2002). many English-language professionals believe that In some respects, early studies of grammar and progressive aspect verbs (or ‘the present continuous’, discourse might be regarded as corpus-based investi- e.g., is working) are much more common in conver- gations: they were empirical studies, based on analysis sation than simple aspect verbs (e.g., works). As a of grammatical variation in actual texts and combin- result, the teaching of progressive aspect has often ing quantitative and qualitative techniques. However, been emphasized at the expense of simple aspect. there was usually relatively little concern with the Howev