人教版 高中必修一 Unit 1 Grammar.ppt

一 陈述句的间接引语 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省略），从句中的人称，时态，指示代词，时间状语，地点状语等要做相应的变化。 人称的变化 从句的主语要遵循“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”的原则。 1) 直接引语的主语是第一人称时，变为间接引语要和主句的主语保持一致。 He said, “I hate apples.” He said that he hated apples. 2）直接引语的主语是第二人称，变为间接引语时要和主句的宾语保持一致。 He asked me, “Where are you from.” He asked me where I was from. 3) 直接引语的主语是第三人称时，变为间接引语时人称不变。 Mary said,Hell call again after supper. Mary said that he would call again after supper 2. 时态的变化 如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的时态不变；如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词要发生变化。 (1)一般现在时→一般过去时 “I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.” said Anne. Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary. (2) 现在进行时→过去进行时 The boy said, “I’m using a knife.” The boy said that he was using a knife. (3) 现在完成时→过去完成时 Mike said, “I have not heard from John since May.” Mike said that he had not heard from John since May. (4) 一般过去时→过去完成时 They said, “We saw her in the street.” They said that they had saw her in the street. (5) 过去完成时不变 He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.” He said that he had finished his homework before supper. (6) 一般将来时→过去将来时 Zhou Lan said, “I’ll do it after class.” Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class. 3.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化 1 Mike said, I will come back tomorrow. Mike said that he would come back the next day. 2 He said to me, I wrote to my father yesterday. He said to me that he had written to his father the day before. 4) 地点状语的变化 由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变: 1. 不变的真理 The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.” → The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃. 2. 经常的习惯： He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.” → He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day. 3. 历史事件： The teacher said, “World War Ⅱ ended in 1945.” → The teacher said that World War Ⅱ ended in 1945. 4. 部分情态动词,如must, ought to, used to, had better等： She said to me: “You mus