Small Talkperiod 2【快乐学案】（外研版选修6Module1）.docVIP

Module 1 Small Talk Period 2 Grammar 本模块语法内容为区分didn’t need to do sth. 和Needn’t have done sth. 请同学们先观察下面的句子， 然后小组讨论这两个短语的区别。 It was Sunday. He didn’t need to go to work. (So, he didn’t go. He stayed home or went somewhere else.) That year, he was young and didn’t need to serve in the army. (In fact he didn’t. He was studying at school.) The manager didn’t need to do such thing s himself. (In fact he didn’t do them. Someone else did them.) The poor girl needn’t have waited for so long in the rain. (Unfortunately she waited) You needn’t have said so much about your being late. (But you kept explaining.) They needn’t have written the letter to the headmaster. (They wrote a letter to the headmaster but it was not necessary.) 通过上述例句同学们应该能够区分它们了吧，那就是： Didn’t need to do sth. 表示过去不必做某事，而事实上也没做. Needn’t have done sth. 表示过去不必做某事，而事实上却做了 现在请大家完成书本上第6，7两页的2，3，4题。 Need 用法归纳 1. 作情态动词时，没有数和人称的变化，后接动词原形。主要用在疑问句和否定句中，表示“需要”。如： You needn’t driver so fast. Need you go to school today? 2. 作实义动词时，有数的变化和人称的变化，后接带to的不定式， 如： We need to think it over before we decide. Do you need any money? need用作实义动词时，要注意始终以实义动词的标准贯彻到底。 如： （正确）Do you need to go there? （错误）Do you need go there? need to be done/ sth. need doing同样用法的还有want,requ Eg. The room needs cleaning/ to be cleaned. 房间得打扫打扫了。 情态动词＋have done 用法归纳 1) must have done 表示对过去所发生的情况进行肯定的推断，意思为“想必/一定。。。”， 只用于肯定句中。否定形式用can’t /couldn’t have done 意思为“不可能；肯定不会”。如： Eg. You must have told the truth. 你肯定说了真相。 --Guess what! I have got A for my paper. --Great! You ________ read widely and put a lot of work into it. (2007 上海) A. must B. should C. must have D. should have 2）should /ought to have done 本应该。。。表示应该做而没做，含有责备的含义；其否定式shouldn’t/ oughtn’t to have done 表“本来不应该。。。” 如： Eg. I was very concerned about you. You shouldn’t have left home without a word. 我快担心死你了，你不应该什么都不说就离开家。 Eg. You should have finished the work earlier. 你本来应该早点把工作做完。 3) could have done a. 本来能够。。。；用来表本来能做而没做 eg. You could have done it b