TheOrganicWeedControlRag-USDA：美国农业部有机杂草控制的碎布.docVIP

Principles of Sustainable Weed Management in Organic Cropping Systems by Mark Schonbeck – 3rd Edition – September, 2011 Table of Contents An Ecological Understanding of Weeds 2 Weeds – a Working Definition 2 What are Weeds Doing in my Field? 3 Sidebar: The Menace of Invasive Exotic Plants 3 The Organic Grower’s Dilemma 3 Beyond Tillage and Cultivation 4 Sidebar: A Sustainable Weed Management Toolbox 4 A Note on “Sustainable” and “Organic” 4 Twelve Steps to Sustainable Weed Management 4 Step 1 – Know the Weeds on your Farm 4 Sidebar: Knowing the Weeds: some Major Weed Categories 5 Step 2 – Plan Cropping Systems to Minimize Open Niches for Weeds 5 Sidebar: Bio-intensive and Bio-extensive Weed Management Systems 6 Step 3 – Design the Cropping System and Select Tools for Effective Weed Control 6 Sidebar: Herbicide Hazards in Hay Mulch 7 Step 4 – Keep the Weeds Guessing 8 Step 5 – Grow Vigorous, Competitive Crops 8 Sidebar: Avoid the Weeds – Take the Summer Off! 9 Step 6 – Put the Weeds Out of Work – Grow Cover Crops! 9 Sidebar: Beating the Weeds with Innovative Cover Cropping and Cultivation 10 Step 7 – Manage the Weed Seed Bank 10 Step 8 – Knock the Weeds Out at Critical Times 11 Step 9 – Utilize Biological Processes to Further Reduce Weed Pressure 12 Sidebar: Classical Biological Control of Weeds 13 Step 10 – Bring Existing Weeds under Control Before Planting Weed-sensitive Crops 14 Sidebar: What is “Organic No-Till,” and is it Practical? 14 Sidebar: Weed Management Checklist for Perennial and Other Weed-Sensitive Crops 15 Step 11 – Keep Observing the Weeds and Adapt Management Practices Accordingly 15 Step 12 – Experiment, and Watch for New Developments in Organic Weed Management 16 Sidebar: Spinach Thrives after Radish Cover Crop 17 Resources for Organic Weed Management 18 Appendix: Latin names of crop and weed species mentioned in text 20 This information packet was first developed for a workshop for farmers and agricultural professionals, on susta