代谢调控在微藻油脂积累中的作用.pdfVIP

第28 卷 第1 期 生 态 科 学 28(1): 85-89 2009 年2 月 Ecological Science Feb. 2009 代谢调控在微藻油脂积累中的作用 赫冬梅，段舜山* 暨南大学水生生物研究中心，广州 510632 【摘要】 矿物能源的无节制使用，引起了日益严重的环境问题。随着全球石油耗竭及其价格的上涨，大力发展生物质能源、 寻求可再生性新能源，对经济的可持续发展、缓解能源压力、控制环境污染具有重要的战略意义。微藻以其生长周期短，含油 量高而引起了人们的广泛关注。但由于对藻类脂肪代谢中的调节机制了解不多，以及微藻基因组研究的相对滞后，极大的限制 了微藻生物质能源的大规模开发利用。随着现代生物技术的发展，通过基因工程、代谢工程的方法，调控微藻脂类代谢，提高 藻类含油量和生物量已成为可能。该文综述了影响微藻生长和油脂积累的生理生态因素及其调控的研究进展，探讨了代谢调控 在微藻油脂积累中的作用及其在生物质能开发中的应用前景。 关键词：代谢调控；微藻；油脂；生物质能 doi:10.3969/j.issn. 1008-8873.2009.01.016 中图分类号：Q789 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1008-8873(2009)01-085-06 Metabolic control in oil accumulation in microalgae HE Dong-mei, DUAN Shun-shan* Research center of hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China Abstract: The exploitation of petroleum resources has brought about serious environmental issues. With the rising price and exhaustion of oil all over the world, renewable biodiesels have strategic signification for the environmental and economic sustainability, as well as fro the release of energy crisis. Algae-based biofuels are gaining widespread attention because of the rapid division and abundant oil content of algae. But poor knowledge on genome research, signal mechanisms controlling lipid biosynthesis, modification and storage has limited the production of microalgal biodisel on a large scale. Modern biotechnology makes it ’s viable to obtain higher levels of oil content and biomass through genetic or metabolic engineering . This review summarizes the research advance in ecophysiological factors which affect the algal growth and oil accumulation as well as in the control of the lipid biosynthesis. Last, metabolic control in microalgal oil accumulation and its potential perspective in microalgae for biodiesel are also put forwarde