微型计算机开关电源电磁兼容分析与测试.pdf

摘 要 电子设备的电磁兼容(EMC)是现代的电子工程设计人员进行设计时必须考虑 的，电磁兼容预测把产品的电磁兼容问题解决在产品成型之前，可以节约大量的时 间和费用。 同传统的线性电源相比较，开关电源具有效率高，体积小，重量轻等优势。然 而，由于开关电源工作在高频状态，其产生的瞬态脉冲包含有能够发射电磁干扰 (EMI)的高频谐波电磁干扰。本文对微型计算机开关电源进行详细的电磁兼容分析， 并提出了一种预测微机开关电源 PCB 板电磁辐射干扰的方法。 首先，介绍了电磁兼容的基本理论，并详细分析了微机开关电源电路的工作原 理。 其次，对微型计算机开关电源电磁兼容问题进行理论分析。分析微型计算机开 关电源产生干扰的原因，以及抑制开关电源干扰的措施，包括减少干扰源的干扰能 量、破坏及减弱干扰噪声传播路径、屏蔽、合理的元件布局与布线等。 第三，提出了一种从场的角度预测微机开关电源 PCB 板电磁辐射干扰的方法， 对实际的开关电源进行了辐射 EMI 测试，其结果与预测结果进行比较。 最后，对整篇文章进行总结，概括主要研究成果。 关键词：微机开关电源 电磁兼容 印制电路板 辐射干扰 电磁兼容测试 I Abstract Modern electronic engineers must take into account the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of the electronic equipments, the predicting of EMC may solve the EMC problem before the products being made, It may save a mass of time and money. Switching Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) offer many advantages over linear regulators, such as high efficiency and relatively smaller size and lighting weight. However, SMPS operate at high switching frequencies, and the associated transient pulses are full of high frequency harmonics that may cause electromagnetic interference (EMI). First of all, the EMC theory is introduced. The operating mechanism of the switching mode power supply is analyzed in detail. Secondly, The EMC of PC Switching Mode Power Supply is Analyzed theoretically .the restraining measures also be discussed, the measures include reducing the interference energy of the interference source 、destroying or weakening the path of interference noise spreading、shielding、and reasonable placing and routing et. Thirdly, a reasonable and effective research method to predict the