论白居易人生观.pdfVIP

摘要 摘要 论文主要探讨白居易的人生观。人生观指人们对于人生目的与意义的根本看 法和态度。研究白居易的人生观，有助于对中唐文人的思想状况的整体把握。本 文共分三章。 第一章论述白居易“达”的人生观。白居易“达”的人生观随着其心态的发展， 可分为“达济”、“通达”和“旷达”。“达济”的人生观主要反映在其早期经历中， 后期呈淡化趋势。白居易根据中唐社会的环境，“通达”地吸收各家思想学说指导 其文学、政治及人生思想。在中唐社会大背景的影响下，白居易的人生观中融合 了儒、道、佛三家思想。道家学说和禅宗学说使其人生呈现知足委顺的“旷达” 倾向。“达”这一人生观，反映了中唐文人越来越关注内心，思想呈“内倾”趋势。 第二章论述白居易“适”的人生观。“适”，体现了白居易对中唐社会困境的 超越。中唐社会的现实环境，使白居易淡化了对儒家兼济彼岸的追求，转而注重 内心，追求身心自适。“中隐”东都，使白居易解决了其现实危机，实现了身心之 “适”。“适”这一人生观，反映了中唐文人既不具备老庄道家以“身隐”抗“势 统”的精神，又淡化了儒家以天下为己任的“道统”。 第三章论述白居易“乐”的人生观。白居易在世俗享受中，淡化内心痛苦； 在闲适栖心中，获得心灵平静。“乐”这一人生观，使白居易实现了人格的完成， 获得了“自得”境界。 关键词：白居易，人生观，达，适，乐 I Ａbstract Abstract The main body of this thesis focus on Bai Juyi’s philosophy of life. The philosophy of life refers to people’s basic view and attitude to the aim and the significance of life.It’s helpful to understand and study the intellectuals’ thought situation in the Tang Dynasty medium term by studying Bai Juyis own outlook on life .This thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter discusses the outlook on life that can reply the wisdom and successful life of Bai Juyi.With the development of his psychology, this type of thought can be described the sense of partification,open-minded and a thorough understanding of the society. The sense of partification was the main philosophy in his early life experiences and became desalination because of his political experience.In order to guide his literary，political and life thought,Bai Juyi took a sagacious attitude to absorb the thought of the Confucian school,Taoist school,and the Chan sect.So Bai Juyi anastomosed the thought of these theory.Taoist th