马尔库塞社会批判理论之批判.pdfVIP

马尔库塞社会批判理论之批判 摘 要 西方发达资本主义社会在创造巨大物质财富的同时，带来的不 是人的全面发展，而是人的存在、人的价值以及人的解放的被湮没。 发达工业社会通过科学技术实现了对社会各个方面的操纵和控制， 人被压抑、同化，沦为丧失了否定性、批判性的“单向度的人”。马 尔库塞的社会批判理论以科学技术对人的全面控制为切入点，全面 地揭示了人被异化的种种状况，并主张从总体上进行革命，尤其是 进行心理本能的革命。他提出的新的革命理论，是以一种大拒绝的 方式把人从受压抑的状态下解放出来，其批判的归宿是建立一个非 压抑性的社会，实现人爱欲的解放。不可否认，马尔库塞的批判理 论有很多偏颇之处，但他的批判是针对西方现代化进程中所出现的 问题而提出的，并且在很多方面提出了自己的解决之法，这对于正 在建设社会主义现代化我国来说具有一定的借鉴意义。 文章分为四个部分：第一部分简单介绍了马尔库塞社会批判理 论形成的时代背景和思想渊源；第二、第三、第四部分分别论述了 社会批判理论的三大块——爱欲解放论、单面社会论和新革命理论， 在每一部分中都阐述了其批判理论的内容、局限和对于我国现代化 建设的借鉴意义。 关键词：马尔库塞；爱欲；异化；单向度的人；审美 The Criticism of Marcuse’s Society－Critique Theory Abstract Though the western developed capitalist society created enormous material products, people didn’t receive integrated development. On the contrary, the problem on the existence and valuation and liberation of human beings had been forgotten. The advanced industrial society had made use of technology to manipulate and control social each aspect. People were oppressed and assimilated, became “one dimensional man” who lost the negation and criticalness. Marcuse’s social critical theory took the complete control of technology as breakthrough point, exposed various conditions that people were alienated in the round. He advocated forward a new revolutionary theory what adopted a method of refusal in order to emancipate the people from the repression. His critical theory’s last goal was the liberation of intrinsic quality or liberation of Eros. That Marcuse’s critical theory had much drawback is undeniable. But his criticism came into being in the course of moderation society, and put forward many solutions of his own. So it had important enlightenment to Chinese socialist modernization. This paper is divided into four parts. The firs