菜心组织培养技术初探.pdfVIP

热带亚热带植物学报　2014 ， 22(4) ： 399 ~ 405 Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany 菜心组织培养技术初探 * 乔燕春, 黄红弟, 张华, 李光光, 郑岩松, 刘自珠 (广州市农业科学研究院， 广州 510308) 摘要：为建立菜心(Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis var. utilis)的快繁技术体系，以花药和子叶-子叶柄为外植体进行组织培养 研究。结果表明，花药培养以选取未开放的花蕾为宜，且花柱略高于花瓣，此时小孢子多数处于单核靠边期。菜心花粉的萌发 –1 –1 率不高，且秋冬季的花粉比夏季的萌发率高。菜心花药愈伤组织诱导培养基为 : MS + 1.0 mg L KT + 1.0 mg L 2,4-D + 3% 糖 + 6 g L–1 琼脂 + 8% 椰乳，不定芽诱导培养基为：MS + 2.0 mg L–1 6-BA + 0.5 mg L–1 NAA + 1.0 g L–1 活性炭 + 2% 糖 + 6 g L–1 琼脂或 MS + 2.0 mg L–1 ZT + 0.5 mg L–1 IAA + 0.5 g L–1 AgNO + 1.0 g L–1 活性炭 + 2% 糖 + 6 g L–1 琼脂。花药培养的不定芽诱 3 导率为 36.7% ，不定芽培养出现褐化现象，不能形成再生植株；而以子叶-子叶柄为外植体培养获得的植株再生率可达 80%。 关键词：菜心；花药；子叶-子叶柄；组织培养 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005–3395.2014.04.011 Preliminary Study on Tissue Culture Technique in Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. utilis * QIAO Yan-chun, HUANG Hong-di, ZHANG Hua , LI Guang-guang, ZHENG Yan-song, LIU Zi-zhu (Guangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510308, China) Abstract: In order to establish rapid propagation system of Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis var. utilis, the anthers as explants were in vitro cultured. The results showed that the anthers should be selected from unopened buds, which stigma was slightly higher than petal, and most of microspores were at uninucleate stage. The pollen germination rate was not high, and that in autumn and winter was higher than that in summer. The callus induction medium for anthers was MS + 1.0 mg L–1 KT + 1.0 mg L–1 2,4-D + 3% sugar + 6 g L–1 agar + 8% coconut milk (pH=5.8). The adventitious bud differentiation medium was MS + 2.0 mg L–1 6-BA + 0.5 mg L–1 NAA + 1.0 g L–1 active carbon + 2% sugar + 6 g L–1 agar