我国生物能源发展现状及对策分析.doc

我国生物能源发展现状及对策分析 专 业 热动09-8班 学生姓名 马明祥 指导教师 代元军 定稿日期：2015年03月18日 摘 要 生物能源的开发利用是当前国内外广泛关注的一个重大课题。它不仅关系到各能源消费大国的能源安全问题，而且关系到各国能否胜利实现可持续发展。 改革开发三十年来，我国经济保持了持续的高速增长，经济实力不断增强。但是，我国仍然是一个处于工业化发展中期、发展中的大国，对能源的需求呈日益扩大趋势，能源的对外依存度也日益提高，经济增长和环境保护的双重压力不断增强。因此，积极开发利用生物能源，不仅有利于缓解我国能源供求矛盾，维护能源安全，而且有利于减少有害气体的排放，从而保护环境。同时，对我国这样一个农村人口众多的农业大国来说，生物能源开发利用还有利于增加农民收入，促进农村经济的发展。 近年来，生物能源的发展引起了我国政府的高度关注，相关部门也出台了一系列的政策法规推动生物能源开发利用。在这～过程中，生物能源的开发利用取得了初步成效，但同时也存在着许多问题。本文在界定生物能源概念的基础上，从我国生物能源发展现状入手，重点分析了我国生物能源发展中取得的成绩和存在的主要问题，并剖析了存在问题的重要原因，在借鉴国外生物能源发展经验基础上，提出了促进我国生物能源健康发展的对策建议。 关键词：生物能源；能源安全；环境；技术；政策 Abstract Biological energy development and utilization is the current domestic and international wide attention as a major task. It is not only related to the energy consumption energy security issues, but also related to national success to realize sustainable development. Reform and development for thirty years, our country economy has maintained a sustained rapid growth, economic actual strength increases ceaselessly. But, our country still is in industrialized metaphase, the development of a big country in the developing countries, the demand for energy is growing trend, dependence on foreign energy also rises increasingly, economic growth and environmental protection of the dual pressure increasing. Therefore, the positive development and utilization of biomass energy, which can not only ease the contradiction between supply and demand of our country energy, safeguard energy security, but also to reduce the emission of harmful gases, so as to protect environment. At the same time, Chinas such a rural population of the large agricultural country, the development and utilization of bio-energy is beneficial to increase the income of farmers, promote the development of rural economy. In recent years, the development of bio energy has caused our country government attention, the relevant departments have also issued a series of policies and regulations promote the development and utilizati