结构分析的有限元法－第二章有限元法的预备知识.ppt

第二章 有限元法的预备知识 矩阵、线性代数和MATLAB 矩阵简介 A=[ 1.4 0.0 -1.0 -0.2 0.0 1.4 -0.4 0.4 -1.0 -0.4 1.8 0.6 -0.2 0.4 0.6 2.4 ] 特殊矩阵 1. 零矩阵 3. 单位矩阵 4. 带状稀疏矩阵 对称带状矩阵的一维存储 矩阵的运算 数乘矩阵 矩阵相乘 矩阵相乘的性质 矩阵相乘的性质 矩阵不能约去！ 矩阵积的转置 逆矩阵 矩阵分块 矩阵的迹和行列式 MATLAB语言程序设计初步 SWITCH语句 FOR 语句 WHILE语句 FUNCTION语句 弹性力学控制方程 最小势能原理 可能位移 有限元分析过程概述 结构离散 选择位移模式 用结点位移表示的势能 应用最小势能原理 集合所有单元的平衡方程，建立整个结构的平衡方程 求解未知结点位移，计算单元内力或应力 if I == J A(I,J) = 2; elseif abs(I-J) == 1 A(I,J) = -1; else A(I,J) = 0 ; end IF语句 MATLAB与C/C++十分相似！ help if IF statement condition. The general form of the IF statement is IF expression statements ELSEIF expression statements ELSE statements END The statements are executed if the real part of the expression has all non-zero elements. The ELSE and ELSEIF parts are optional. Zero or more ELSEIF parts can be used as well as nested IFs. The expression is usually of the form expr rop expr where rop is ==, , , =, =, or ~=. method = ‘Bilinear’ ; switch lower( method ) case { ‘linear’, ‘bilinear’ } disp(‘Method is linear’); case ‘cubic’ disp(‘Method is cubic’) ; case ‘nearest’ disp(‘Method is nearest’); otherwise disp(‘Unknown method.’); end help switch Switch among several cases based on expression. The general form of the SWITCH statement is: SWITCH switch_expr CASE case_expr, statement, ..., statement CASE {case_expr1, case_expr2, case_expr3,...} statement, ..., statement ... OTHERWISE, statement, ..., statement END The statements following the first CASE where the switch_expr matches the case_expr are executed. When the case expression is a cell array (as in the second case above), the case_expr matches if any of the elements of the cell array match the switch expression. If none of the case expressions match the switch expres