D.7 电压 Voltage.docVIP

D.7 电压 Voltage 额定DC电压 Rated DC voltage 额定直流电压时标示在电容上的电压，它是包括纹波电压的最大峰值电压，这个电压可能在额定温度范围内在端子之间持续的被供给。较高额定电压的电容可能被较低额定电压的电容所代替只要外形尺寸，DF和ESR的额定值是兼容的。 工作电压(working voltage)简称WV，应为标称安全值，也就是说应用电路中，不得超过此标称电压。有个说法，既电解电容工作在远低于额定工作电压时，由于不能得到有效的足以维持电极跟电解液之间的退极化作用，会导致电解电容的极化而降低涟波电流，增大ESR，从而提早老化。但是这个说法的前提是“远低于额定工作电压”，综合一些长期的实践经验来看，选取额定工作电压标称值的2/3左右为正常工作电压，是比较合理的。 额定浪涌电压 Rated surge voltage 额定浪涌电压是最大的直流过电压，即25℃时时间不超过30秒偶然的间隔不少于5分钟电容可能承受的的电压。 the surge voltage, they are only rated to be taken there for 30 seconds at a time , for 1,000 times during the entire of the capacitor . Film and ceramic capacitors can be tested well above rated voltage but not electrolytics . In fact ,we recommend that electrolytic capacitors be operated somewhat below their rated DC voltage ,for example, 10-20% below rated DC voltage. Surge Voltage Unless otherwise stated in the data sheets capacitors shall withstand 1000 cycles at upper category temperature as described below : Charge to surge voltage and hold for 30 seconds followed by a no load period of 5.5 minutes with the capacitor disconnected and allowed to discharge internally. The power supply used shall be capable of delivering ≥ 5A at the test voltage . Short duration surge voltage – certain product ranges are able to withstand a higher surge voltage but for a shorter period of time .Where applicable these capacitors shall withstand 100 surges at 20C as described below : Charge capacitor to rated voltage then charge up to short duration surge for a period of ≤ 500ms then of 5 minutes . Figures for this test , where applicable ,are shown under the range data sheets. 浪涌电压的测量 Surge voltage measurement 在正常的室温下给电容通过一个1000Ω±10%的电阻加上额定浪涌电压（如果电容量是2500uF或更高，则使用2500,000/CΩ±10%的电阻，C是电容单位是Uf）。循环加电压1/2分钟开接着41/2分钟关，当处于关状态时，每个电容通过充电电阻或等效电阻放电。重复循环120小时。公布测试的必要条件是为了DCL,ESR,DF满足最初的条件，且没有机械损坏或电解液的泄漏的迹象。没有小滴或可视的流动的电解液残留物是允许的。 反向电压 Reverse voltage 铝电解电容是有极性的，要用正确的极性来连接。它们可以承受1.5V的反向电压。更高的反向电压会通过压力的积累和电容的安全孔结构的破裂而造成电容的损坏。无极性和半极性的电容可以承受反向电压。 瞬态过压 Transient ove