Chapter 2跨商务文化交际.pptVIP

Introductory Case 一位刚到美国的中国企业经理，被美国朋友请去做客。这位经理到这位美国人家里后，觉得其房屋陈设很奇怪。突然他发现一个台子上竟摆着一尊泥塑的孙悟空，他很兴奋，连忙问女主人：“你怎么会有这尊孙悟空？是从中国买的吗？花了多少钱？用的是人民币还是美元？” 女主人只是笑了笑，没有回答。这位中国经理也没有再问下去。 分析：美国人的价值观念和中国人不同，价钱的高低往往与身份密切相关。中国经理无心提出的价钱问题，却使得这位美国人不知如何回答是好。在言语交际(verbal communication)的过程中，交际双方必须考虑语言的语音层面和语用层面，承认不同的文化背景和差异，增强理解和信任，才能通过语言促进沟通，实现交际的目的，建立良好的关系。 Attributes of Verbal Communication Express all kinds of ideas we want to express Eg: A manager talks market development plan with his subordinates in a meeting. Keep and disseminate information Eg: A manager can be reached by telephone or email if you can’t find him in his office. Telephone and Email are the most effective ways for biz communication. Be clearer and more efficient than other ways. Language and Culture Language is a set of symbols and the rules for combining those symbols and rules that are used and understood by a large community of people. It is closely related to culture. Language and culture interact with each other and shape each other. Language is the carrier of culture which in turn is the content of language. It is part of culture. Culture enriches and influences language. Different culture generate different languages. The Influence of Culture on Language Language as a reflection of the environment Language reflects the environment in which we live. We label things that are around us. The environment influences the development of technology, products, and the appropriate vocabulary. Language as reflection of values Language reflects cultural values. Language is a mirror of culture, because language reflects human relationships, reflects the way the society operates. 亲属称谓是语言反映文化的一个突出例证。例如，在英语中的是 “兄”或“弟”，是“姐”或“妹”，汉语中没有一个字与或完全相等。在我们的文化中严格区分“兄”与“弟“、姐与“妹”，因为“长幼有序”。英语中一词 “uncle” 相当于汉语中的“伯父、叔父、舅父、姨父、姑父,” “aunt”相当于汉语中的“伯母、婶母、舅母、姨母、姑母”。这反映了汉族不仅注重长幼顺序，而且对于是父系、母系或姻系亦十分重视。 Chinese way of greeting For thousands of years, about 75% of the Chinese lived in villages and the rest in small towns. A community generally consis