论我国行政案例指导制度构建-毕业论文.docVIP

摘  要  法治的基本要求是要做到“同等情况同等对待”，但是由于多种原因，在我国 司法实践中，“同案不同判”的现象十分严重。为了制止这种现象的发生，最高人 民法院提出要建立案例指导制度。由于行政法自身的原因和行政诉讼实践的需要， 在行政法领域内尽快建立案例指导制度十分必要。 行政案例指导制度是实现行政法治，促进个案公正，维护形式正义的必要要 求。它的建立对于弥补我国行政实体法的缺陷，摆脱行政诉讼法的困境，实现行 政法制统一以及促进司法公正与效率具有重要的现实意义。我国建立行政案例指 导制度具有良好的条件和基础。我国具有运用判例的传统，为它提供了文化基础； 司法实践中运用案例的做法，为它提供了现实基础；学者的理论研究，为它提供 了理论基础；域外的具体制度，为它提供了经验基础。 基于各种因素的考虑，在我国的行政案例指导制度中，案例的制作主体应该 限定为最高人民法院，由它统一制订行政指导性案例；行政指导性案例要符合一 定的标准，比如其说理应该充分，叙述要详细，适用法律要正确；行政指导性案 例的制作还要遵循一定的程序，一般而言，要经过初选、审核、公布、监督与编 纂五个阶段；行政指导性案例必须具有法律上的效力，这样才能实现制度目的； 在行政审判过程中具体适用行政指导性案例，一般经过识别、推理和说理三个阶 段。 关键词：行政案例；指导制度；构建 I Abstract The basic principle of ruling by law is treating the same things with the same standard. However, it is very normal that the same cases give birth to the different results. In order to stopping this kind of phenomenon, Peoples Supreme Court proposes that we must establish the case instruction system. Based on the characteristics of Administrative Law and the need of administrative action practice, it is essential to establish the case instruction system as soon as possible in the field of Administrative Law. If we want to realize the administrative government by law, to promote the fair in every individual case, and to maintain the form justice, we must establish the administrative case instruction system. It can makes up the flaw of our country’s administration substantive law, then make Administrative Law get rid of the difficult position. And it can do something useful to the unity of administrative legal system and the judicial fairness and the efficiency. We have good condition and foundation on this problem. Our country’s tradition of using legal precedents has provided the cultural base for it. Using legal precedents in the judicial practice has provided the realistic foundation for it. The scholars fundamental research has provided the theorical foundation for it. The foreign contries’ system has provided the empirical foundation for it. Because of all kinds of factors, the main