改错4.ppt

专业八级 —— 改错4 I. It- 句型 A. 虚义 it (Empty it) —— it 作形式主语表示时间、距离、天气等意义的句子。 1. 虚义 it 是一种非指代性的 it，它区别于人称代词it，常作没有具体意义的主语，出现于表示气候、温度、时间、地点、距离等意义的句子中。 It is very warm and wet in South China these days. It seemed a long time before my turn came. 2. 虚义 it 也常表示笼统概念 It was dull when Mary was away. Its awful——Ive got so much work I dont know where to start. 3. 虚义 it 也常见于习惯用语 Its my turn. Hop it.(= Go away.) B. 先行 it (Anticipatory it) —— it 作“先行主语”的句子。 It 充当形式主语或形式宾语，后面的真正主语或真正的宾语通常是不定式结构、-ing分词结构或名词性分句。 Its illegal to drive without a license. —— To drive without a license is illegal. It was pleasant meeting you in London that day. —— Meeting you in London that day was pleasant. It was not known wether there was gold left in the mine. —— Whether there was gold left in the mine was not known. C. 分裂句引导词it —— it 在强调句中的应用。 分裂句是以it 为引导词的强调句型。 结构形式：It + be 的一定形式 + 中心成分 + that-/who-分句 It was Jane that/who called this morning. It was the parcel that she brought to him. 这种结构可以强调除谓语动词以外的大多数句子成分。 John gave Mary a handbag at Christmas. —— 强调主语 It was John that/who gave Mary a handbag at Christmas. —— 强调间接宾语 It was Mary that John gave a handbag (to) at Christmas. —— 强调宾语 It was a handbag that John gave Mary at Christmas. —— 强调状语 It was at Christmas that John gave Mary a handbag. Exercises: 1. Possibly the Joneses will come to the party as well. 2. Whether they will come or not does not matter very much. 3. He is quite likely to let you down. 4. You seem to have taken a dislike to him. 5. I happen to have had some nasty experiences in dealing with him. Answers: 1. It is possible that the Joneses will come to the party as well. 2. It doesnt matter very much whether they will come or not. 3. It is quite likely that he will let you down. 4. It seems that you have taken a dislike to him. 5. It happens that I have had some nasty experiences in dealing with him. Translate the following into Chinese, paying attention to the italicized parts 1. Someday I will have it out with him. 迟早我要跟他说个