北师大版高二英语语法-虚拟语气.docVIP

语法:虚拟语气 Ⅰ.概念虚拟语气用于表示主观愿望和假设的虚拟 情况。 e.g:①I wish you were more careful .但愿你更细心一些。②If I had more money, I would buy a bigger apartment.我要是有再多一点钱，我就买一套更大一些房子。 Ⅱ.应用 1.在if条件状语从句中 if从句的谓语 主句的谓语 与现在/将来事实相违背(second conditional) 动词过去式（动词是be用were） should / would /could/might+ 动词原形 与过去事实相违背 (third conditional) had + 动词过去分词 would/should/could /might + have +过去分词 例句: If I had time, I would certainly join you in the tennis match. If I were you, I would put her suggestion into account. If I hadnt been caught by something, I would have come to your party yesterday. If he had taken my advice, he might not have made such a bad mistake. Even if they were to fail, they wouldnt lose courage. If I should have a chance to try it, I would do it in another way. 注意:在if从句的虚拟语气中,从句可省略.(had/should/were提至句首,同时省略if) 2. 虚拟语气也可以通过but for(要不是)/without/if only(但愿)等短语来体现①Without air, there would be no life on the earth. ②But for your help, the little boy would have been drowned. ③If only he could travel with me next week. 3.用在wish引导的宾语从句中,表达和事实相反的愿望. ①I wished that I knew something about programming.②They wished that they hadnt said it to us.③I wish that you would get younger and younger .