探源寻根根深叶茂_教育理论论文.docVIP

探源寻根根深叶茂_教育理论论文 探源寻根根深叶茂_教育理论论文 摘要：小学语文教学的根基──传统语文教学。传统语文教学有新旧之分：“五四”运动之前，可称为旧传统语文教学；“五四”运动之后，可称为新传统语文教学。新中国成立后20年对于传统语文教学的继承提得少了。新时期后，继承并发展了传统语文教学。小学语文教学的发展必须扎根传统，面向现代：要以科学的发展观学习传统、发展语文教学；小学语文教学的发展需要一个稳定的环境，改革应该是渐进的；要提高语文教师传统文化、传统语文教学的水平和修养。语文教学的根基扎得牢，根深才能叶茂。 关键词：小学；传统语文教学；继承和发展 Abstract:The traditional Chinese teaching is the bases of Chinese teaching in primary schools. The traditional Chinese teaching can be divided into two periods. Before the May 4th Movement it can be called old traditional Chinese teaching. After the May 4th Movement it can be called the new traditional Chinese teaching. During the 20 years after the foundation of the People’s Republic of China, the traditional Chinese teaching is rarely carried on while in the new era it is carried on and developed. The Chinese teaching in primary schools must be based on tradition and look forward to the future. We should study the tradition and develop the Chinese teaching in the view of scientific idea of development. Meanwhile, the development of Chinese teaching in primary schools needs a stable environment, and the reform should be gradual.It is also important to improve the standard and quality of Chinese teachers’ traditional culture and traditional Chinese teaching. Only if Chinese teaching is deeply rooted ,can it be vigorously developed. Key words:primary schools; traditional Chinese teaching;inheritage and development 一、小学语文教学之根基──传统语文教学 我国的语文教学具有几千年的历史，对传统语文教学起于何时有不同的提法。有的认为自孔子开始，有的认为起于汉唐以后，特别是宋代以后直到19世纪末。那么“五四”运动之后的是否也算传统的？至今还没有一个统一的看法，我只能依据已有众多的研究成果和自己新近的思考，略述浅见于后。 (一)“五四”运动之前 从孔夫子到19世纪末，我将这一漫长的历史时期的小学语文教学，称为旧传统语文教学。这一时期的小学语文教学经验很丰富，这其中有精华也有糟粕。就其精华来说，至今有影响的、大家都很熟悉的有： 1.识字是读书和写作的基础 幼童的启蒙教育以识字为重点，集中识字，学习《三字经》《百家姓》《千字文》，认识2000字左右，再读经书。《千字文》成书于公元535~543年之间，宋代又编了《三字经》和《百家姓》，合称“三百千”。幼童启蒙学习“三百千”延续了一千多年。为什么“三百千”会流传那么长的时间？除内容多处宣扬了封建伦理道德，有的遣词造句较深以外，其主要特点，就是符合汉语、汉文特点。汉语的语素以单音节为主，汉语是声调语言，汉语是非形态语，汉字又和这样的汉语相适应。“三百千”都是以韵语形式编写的，正体现出了汉字和汉语的特点，也符合儿童的阅读兴趣，读起来琅琅上口。其次，内容具有丰富的人文性，识字和学知识、学做人相结合。如《三字经》语言比较通俗，句法灵活多样，