数学实验的理论研究与实践_教育理论论文.docVIP

数学实验的理论研究与实践_教育理论论文 数学实验的理论研究与实践_教育理论论文 摘要：中学数学教育应重视数学实验，应将数学实验作为课程内容的一部分来设计.作为课程内容的数学实验，目的是以实验为载体，展示数学的探索发现过程，使学生亲历这个过程，从中发现数学、体验数学、理解数学、运用数学，培养创新意识和探索精神。作为课程内容的数学实验应体现活动化、操作化特征，注意返璞归真，在注意揭示数学概念定理的形成和发展过程以及展示数学问题的解决过程的同时，注意与基本的数学思想、数学方法挂钩，有机地和数学知识教学相互结合、相互促进。关键词：数学实验；数学课程；数学软件；几何画板；教学案例Abstract:By analyzing from the view of history and modern outlook of mathematics curriculum, we should pay more attention to mathematics experiment in secondary school mathematics education . The experiment should be designed as a part of the content of mathematics course, whose purpose is to take experiments as carriers to display the process of exploration and discovery of mathematics and enable the students to experience this course personally so as to find, experience and comprehend mathematics, develop innovation awareness and exploring spirit. The experiments should bear the characteristics of activation ,operation and “returning to nature”. In explaining the process formation and development of mathematics conceptions and theorems, and showing the process of solving the mathematics problems ,teachers should try to associate connect them with basic mathematics thoughts and methods, and combine mathematics experiments with knowledge teaching to improve each other. In the form of content, mathematics experiments involves proving experiments and probing experiments. In arrangements, mathematics experiment can be made in class, after class or in the laboratory. A general teaching procedure of the mathematics experiment is provided as an example. Key words:mathematics experiment； mathematics course；classification; teaching一、数学实验的含义及其课程观从上世纪90年代初期起，随着计算机和一些数学软件的逐渐普及，数学教育界开始重视数学实验的教学与研究。时至今日，我们将数学实验界定为：为获得某种数学理论、探求或验证某个数学猜想、解决某类数学问题，运用一定的物质技术手段，经由数学思维活动的参与，在典型的环境中或特定的条件下进行的一种数学实践活动。数学实验可区分为传统数学实验和现代数学实验两大类。传统数学实验是指运用手工的方法如利用实物模型、实物教具等进行操作的演示性模型实验，或使用纸笔通过具体或特殊数学例子进行的思想性实验；现代的数学实验是指以计算机（器）为工具的实验，具体而言，就是利用计算机或TI图形计算器这些先进的现代技术工具和数学软件为实验手段，以图形演示、数值计算、符号变换等作为实验内容，以数学理论作为实验原理，以实例分析、模拟仿真、归纳发现