004某些语法现象的译法.pptVIP

某些语法现象的译法 动词被动语态的译法 动词不定式的译法 分词的译法 由which引导的宾语从句的译法 宾语、表语、定语、状语的译法 词类转译和句子成分转换 长句的译法 * * 动词被动语态的译法 “被”+及物动词，此时行为主体不出现，称为一般被动式 “被”、“由”、“让”、“给”、“受到”等字之后跟行为组提加及物动词，称为完全被动式 “被”省略，称为简化被动式 英语动词被动语态一般都译成汉语的主动式或者无主句；只有特别强调行为的对象时，才译成汉语动词的被动式 汉语动词的被动式有三种表示法： 译成汉语的主动式：英语主语?汉语宾语，英语“by短语”中介词的宾语译为主语，或另加“人们，我们…”等为主语 Radio waves are transmitted by radio stations. The lathe which is preferred in most cases is the all-suited engine lathe. 有时，英语句子的地点状语也可以译成汉语的主语 Multiple threads of 2, 3 and 6 starts can be cut on this mahcine. 译成汉语的无主句：英语主语?汉语宾语，汉语句中无主语；当英语动词的行为主体没有知名，而位于往往带有状语（尤指行为方式状语）时 Movement is transferred to the ram via two pressing rods and spindles. At option, the control buttons at the switch-board or the two movablee pedal-operated switches can be used. 译成汉语的被动式： In seeking strength and rigidity, the primary essential of lightweight can never be slighted.（译为一般被动式） The eight connecting rods are picked up by the transfer bar grippers, unclamped, and moved into the fourth station where they are supported by a spring-loaded lower rail.（译为完全被动式） When a gas is cooled, the motion of its molecules becomes slower.（译为简化被动式） 动词不定式的译法 A）用作主、表、宾、定语等动词不定式如带有宾语，可译成汉语的动宾结构 It is very important to further develop the industry. The purpose of this catalyst is to accelerate the process of chemical reaction. Voltage, resistance and capacity are the three important properties to influence the flow of current in a circuit. B）用作宾语补语的动词不定式可连同宾语译成汉语的兼语式 Then, notice the mixture change its color. C）有些动词，如say, see, hear, know, start, report, announce, believe, suppose, think, expect, assume, declare等的被动语态作谓语的句子中，若不定式作主语补语，则根据汉语的习惯可把英语的主语连同不定式译为汉语的主谓结构。 Uranium is known to possess the highest atomic weight. Oxygen is known to be colorless. 动词不定式及不定式短语的译法需根据它在句中的作用来确定 动词不定式的译法 D）表示目的的动词不定式一般位于句首或句尾，可译成汉语的目的状语“为了…”、“以便…”等 In order to build up a powerful air force, we must have a highly developed aviation in