新古典增长模型 一个重新表述.docVIP

新古典增长模型：一个重新表述 第一作者： 黎德福，同济大学经济与管理学院， Li Defu，School of Economics and Management, Tongji University, 邮编：200092，电话Email： tjldf@mail.tongji.edu.cn 第二作者： 黄玖立，南开大学跨国公司研究中心和泰达学院， Huang Jiuli，Center for Transnationals’ Studies and TEDA College, Nankai University, 邮编：300071，电话Email：huangjl@tedamail.nankai.edu.cn 新古典增长模型：一个重新表述 内容提要：各类新古典增长模型在教科书中的表述形式存在很大的差异：无技术进步和外生技术进步的模型分别使用“劳均资本”和“有效劳均资本”的动态方程，而内生技术进步的模型则使用“产出资本比”的动态方程。这些差异导致了理解上的偏差和混乱。本文使用统一的“产出资本比”和“消费资本比”变量重新表述了代表性的新古典增长模型，如索洛－斯旺模型、拉姆齐－卡斯－库普曼斯模型、戴蒙德模型和卢卡斯模型。通过动态方程、均衡条件与均衡结果的统一表述和比较，本文清晰地显示了各个模型之间的继承和发展关系，其中卢卡斯模型还说明内生增长模型的建立不一定要抛弃具有资本边际收益递减特征的新古典生产函数。 关键词： 新古典增长模型 产出资本比 消费资本比 重新表述 Neoclassical Growth Models: A Reformulation Abstract: Large disparities can be found in textbook of the treatments of different categories of neoclassical growth models. Models without technical progress, with exogenous technical progress and with endogenous technical progress make use of the dynamic equations of capital per labor and capital per efficient labor and output-capital ratio respectively. These differences tend to induce bias and confusion in grasping the neoclassical growth models. Employing two variables output-capital ratio and consumption ratio consistently, we reformulate the representative neoclassical growth models, including Solow-Swan model, Ramsey-Cass-Koopmans model, Dimand model and Lucas model. By the consistent reformulation and comparisons of dynamic equations, equilibrium conditions and outcomes, the relationship of inheriting and development between different models comes out easily and clearly, where Lucas model indicates that there is no need to abandon the neoclassical production function characteristic with decreasing returns of capital when an endogenous growth model is developed. Key Words: Neoclassical Growth Model, Output-Capital Ratio, Consumption-Capital Ratio, Reformulation JEL Classification: O41, E13 一 引 言 新古典增长模型经历没有技术进步到有技术进步，储蓄率外生到储蓄率内生和技术进步率外生到技术进步率内生的发展过程。储蓄率