理论和实验临界冲击拉伸速度研究.pdfVIP

1）理论与实验临界冲击拉伸速度研究 2 ） 王焕然 ，陈大年，吴善幸，马东方，胡金伟 （宁波大学力学与材料科学研究中心，浙江宁波 315211） 摘要：分析了理论临界冲击拉伸速度。指出，率相关的 Karman-Taylor 塑性波传播理论、完全热耦合的高应变率本构关 系以及绝热升温方程确定了理论临界冲击拉伸速度。对于高导无氧铜，采用典型的两类高应变率本构关系计算了理论临 界冲击拉伸速度。基于气炮系统，提出了一种新的临界冲击拉伸速度实验方法。采用此种实验方法对于高导无氧铜进行 了临界冲击拉伸速度实验。文中也强调指出，理论临界冲击拉伸速度仅对应于塑性波速趋于0，而实验临界冲击拉伸速 度不仅与应力波效应有关，而且与杆的动态颈缩、损伤演化致断裂有关。 关键词：临界冲击速度；拉伸；理论；实验；高导无氧铜 Study on theoretical and experimental critical impact velocity in tension Wang Huan-Ran Chen Da-Nian Wu Shan-Xing Ma Dong-Fang Hu Jin-Wei (Mechanics Materials Science Research Center, Ningbo University, Zhejiang 315211, China) Abstract: The theoretical critical impact velocity in tension is analyzed. It is indicated that the rate-dependent Karman-Taylor theory of plastic wave propagation, the complete thermal coupling constitutive relation at high strain rates and the equation of energy balance applicable to adiabatic heating are essential to determining the theoretical critical impact velocity in tension. For oxygen-free high-conductivity copper, the theoretical critical impact velocities in tension are calculated with two typical constitutive relations at high strain rates. A novel facility for tensile testing at the critical impact velocity is designed in a gas gun system. The critical impact velocity experiments in tension of oxygen-free high-conductivity copper are carried out using the novel facility. It is also noted that the theoretical critical impact velocity in tension is defined by the plastic wave trapping, while the experimental critical impact velocity in tension is determined by the wave effect, the necking phenomenon and the micro-damage evolution of high-velocity tension bar. Key words: Critical impact velocity; tension; theoretical; Experimental; oxygen-free high-conduc