英语科普小知识 体育课可以减少肥胖的可能性.docVIP

英语科普小知识 体育课可以减少肥胖的可能性.doc

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Little is known about the effect of physical education (PE) on child weight, but a new study from Cornell University finds that increasing the amount of time that elementary schoolchildren spent in gym class reduces the probability of obesity. The study represents some of the first evidence of a causal effect of PE on youth obesity, and is forthcoming in the Journal of Health Economics. ? The research offers support for the recommendations of organizations such as the Centers for Disease Control, Institute of Medicine, and the American Academy of Pediatrics, all of which have advocated increasing the amount of time that elementary school children spend in gym class, says lead researcher and Cornell professor of policy analysis and management, John Cawley, who conducted the study with Chad Meyerhoefer of Lehigh University (Cornell Ph.D. 2002) and David Frisvold of Emory University. ? Treating variation in the amount of time that states mandate schoolchildren spend in PE as natural experiments, the researchers found that an additional 60 minutes per week of PE time (enough to bring states without an explicit requirement up to the amount of PE recommended by the CDC) reduces the probability that a fifth-grader is obese by 4.8 percentage points. ? The researchers also detected a gender difference: additional PE time reduces weight for boys but has a negligible(微不足道的) effect for girls. One explanation for this difference, says Cawley, is that PE and other types of physical activity are complements for boys (increased PE leads boys to be more active in structured physical activities like organized sports), but substitutes for girls (increased PE leads girls to spend more time watching television). 鲜为人知的是,物理教育(PE)对孩子体重的影响,但美国康奈尔大学的一项新研究发现,增加了大量的时间花费在上体育课的小学学童肥胖的概率降低。这项研究是一些PE对青少年肥胖的因果作用的第一个证据,并即将在卫生经济学杂志。 ? 研究中心疾病控制,医学研究所和美国儿科学会,所有这一切都主张增加小学生在体育课花大量的时间,如组织提供支持的建议,首席研究员政策分析和管理,谁进行了研究与乍得Meyerhoefer利哈伊大学(200??2年康奈尔大学博士)和大卫Frisvold埃默里大学的约翰·考利,康奈尔大学教授。 ? 治疗变异在指出任务学童花费在PE

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