高中英语语法之定语从句精讲精练.pptVIP

高中英语语法 Contents 一、定语从句的定义 二、引导定语从句的关系词 三、关系代词 四、关系副词 五、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 一、定语从句的定义 定语从句是指在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词” 引导定语从句的词叫“关系词” She has a brother whose name I cant remember. 先行词 关系词 二、引导定语从句的关系词 指代人 指代事物 所属关系 指地点 指时间 指原因 who，whom，that which，that whose，of which where when why 关系代词 关系副词 三、关系代词 1、who，whom，that代表人 1）在定语从句中，who和that可作主语或宾语，whom只能作宾语 2）引导定语从句的关系代词who，whom，that在从句中作动词和介词的宾语时，可以省略。但介词可以提到关系代词之前，此时只能使用whom,不可使用who或that，且whom也不可省去。 Do you know the man who(m)/that I talked to just now? =Do you know the man to whom I talked just now? 3）只用who，不用that a.有两个定语从句时，当代指人时，一个已经用了that, 另一个宜用who The girl that you met yesterday is an English teacher who teaches well. b.在there be 句型中，先行词为人 There are many young people who are for him. c.当先行词是one, ones, anyone, those表人时 Is there anyone who is absent today? 2、which，that代表物 1） 在定语从句中，which 和that可作主语和宾语，在多数情况下，两者可以互换。作宾语时，which 和that常可省去。 The farm (which/that) we visited last week was located in Xiangtan. 2）只用that，不用which a. 当先行词是不定代词：all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one（指物） 时 Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself? b. 当先行词前面有：only, any, few, little, no, all, very等词修饰时 This is the very book that I am looking for. c. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 This is the best that has been used against pollution. This train is the second that will go to Suzhou. d.当先行词既有人又有物时 Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? e. 当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时 Which is the bike that you lost? f. 有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用了which, 另一个宜用that. They secretly built up a small factory which produced things that could cause pollution. g.当关系词在定语从句中作表语时 China is not the country that it used to be. Which可以引导非限定性定语从句，可用于介词后，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。 She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth. This is the school in which you will study. 3)只用which,不用that 3、whose 和 of which表