GMAT 写作模板：七宗罪.docVIP

七宗罪的记忆方法：因、果、证 将七宗罪分类整理了一下，按照论证的原因、结果、论证过程三部分，归为三个类别: 1、因 (3) Survey is doubtful可疑调查: Insufficient samples样本不足: Gratuitous assumption结论无据: without any evidence to rule out the possibility 2、果(2) Causal over-simplification无因果联系: A coincides with B, not prove A cause B Either-or choice二者择一: A and B mutually exclusive, no room for a middle ground 3、证(2) 错误类比（横向）时地全等（纵向） 这样，只要记住了三字诀：因、果、证，就很容易记牢全部七宗罪了。 顺便分析一下本月JJ的一篇AA： “Our total sales have increased this year by 20 percent since we added a pharmacy section to our grocery store. // 无因果联系，可能另有他因。Clearly, the customer’s main concern is the convenience afforded by one-stop shopping. The surest way to increase our profits over the next couple of years, therefore, is to add a clothing department along with an automotive supplies and repair shop. We should also plan to continue adding new departments and services, such as a restaurant and a garden shop, in subsequent years. // All things are equal时地全等 Being the only store in the area that offers such a range of services will give us a competitive advantage over other local stores.” // 结论无据 附：七宗罪 第一宗罪：无因果联系 The author commits a fallacy of causal oversimplification. The line of the reasoning is that because A occurred before B, the former event is responsible for the latter. (The author uses the positive correlation between A and B to establish causality. However, the fact that A coincides with B does not necessarily prove that A caused B.) But this is fallacious reasoning unless other possible causal explanations have been considered and ruled out. For example, perhaps C is the cause of these events or perhaps B is caused by D. 第二宗罪 样本不足(因) Insufficient-sample The evidence the author provides is insufficient to support the conclusion drawn from it. One example is logically unsounded to establish a general conclusion (The statistics from only a few recent years are not necessarily a good indicator of future trends), unless it can be shown that A1 is representative of all A