机电专业英语 教学课件 作者 杨寿智 刘水平 机电专业英语.Lesson 8.pptVIP

Lesson 8 GRINDING AND ABRASIVE MACHINING PROCESSES Text The common machining processes of drilling, turning, and milling generally produce a fairly large chip in comparison to those produced by the processes discussed in this section. Abrasive materials are the cutting tools in the machining processes called grinding. Grinding machines and grinding processes make up one of the most important areas in all machining. Grinding processes are chip-making metal cutting processes just like drilling, turning, and milling. However, grinding processes remove very small chips (called swarf) in very large numbers by the cutting action of many small individual abrasive grains. These abrasive grains are formed into a grinding wheel that is rotated against the workpiece at high speed. Each sharp corner of a grain cuts a small bit of material from the workpiece. When the corners become dull, heat and pressure increase, fracturing grains in the grinding wheel. This ability of the grains to microfracture and expose new sharp edges is termed friability. Some abrasive grains are produced to be tough (not break down readily). These are used in harsh grinding situations, such as the rough grinding (snagging) of castings in a foundry. Other grains are produced to break down readily and are used in grinding wheels where cool grinding is essential. An example of such an application would be the grinding of hardened steels. The characteristics of the bonding material are carefully matched to the abrasive grain by the producers of abrasive products. As the bonding material that holds the grains breaks down, new sharp grains are exposed, replacing the worn ones. This also provides a method of sharpening grinding wheels. Abrasive materials are also coated on sheets of cloth or paper in the form of sandpaper or sanding belts and disks. They also appear as solid blocks such as sharpening or honing stones or deburring media such as pellets. In matching, grinding processes are most ofte