关于热电性能测量的讨论.pdfVIP

关于热电性能测量的讨论 张建中 侯旭峰 张丽丽 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所，天津 300381 摘要：在温差电材料的研究中，为了评价某一材料的热电性能，定义了单一温差电材料的优 值 Z 。优值Z 等于塞贝克系数（α）的平方与电导率（σ）的乘积除于热导率（κ）。作者 通过实验发现，目前市售的激光法测量热导率仪器的热扩散率测量数据较可信，差距较小。 但是比热的的测量数值误差较大，重复性较差。为了获得可信的热导率数值，建议利用激光 法测量热扩散率，利用 DSC 法测量比热，利用阿基米德法测量密度，由此计算样品的热导率。 作者强调，各向异性材料热电性能的测试中，试样制备时应当注意切割方向。以热压制备的 n 型Bi Te -Bi Se 为例，由于取样的错误，导致最大优值的计算结果比正确的计算结果约大 2 3 2 3 1 倍。 Discussion on the Measurement of Thermoelectric Performances Jianzhong Zhang, Xufeng Hou, Lili Zhang Tianjin Institute of Power Sources, Tianjin 300381 2 α σ Abstract: The Figure of Merit of thermoelectric material Z is defined as Z , in which σ is κ electric conductivity, α is Seebeck coefficient, and κ is thermal conductivity. Through experiments the authors have found that thermal diffusivity data measured by laser flash apparatus on sale are credible and the differences between data are small. But the error of tested value of the specific heat is greater and repeatability is worse correspondingly. In order to obtain reliable thermal conductivity value, it is suggested that the thermal diffusivity is measured by laser flash method, that the specific heat is tested by DSC and that use Archimedes means to survey the density, then calculate thermal conductivity of sample by multiplying these test data. The authors emphasize that the cutting direction should be noticed when preparing test sample whose property is anisotropy. Take Bi Te -Bi Se as an example, the calculated result of maximum Figure of Merit 2 3 2 3 may be about twice as large as correct on