2015年高考英语备考_阅读理解命题规律与解析.docVIP

2013年高考英语阅读理解备考指南 高考阅读理解注重题材的多样化、现代化和生活化，不仅主题广泛、科学实用，而且生动有趣。阅读理解涵盖了人物故事、名人传记、前沿科技、环境保护、地理现象和历史文化等话题。 高考阅读理解命题趋势 注重体裁的多样化 从体裁方面看，高考阅读理解尽量追求体裁的多样化。总的说来，一般分为以下四种：记叙文、说明文、应用文和议论文。近9年高考阅读理解对体裁的考查呈这样的趋势：说明文一般占31%左右;记叙文占23%左右;应用文占13%左右;议论文占16%左右，夹叙夹议占17%。(详见下图7)考查最多的是说明文，特别是介绍国外新科技、新发明的文章，一直是高考考查的热点，这也符合学习外语的根本目的。议论文的考查往往是难度最大、最有区分度的体裁，考生失误较多的题目往往出现在议论文，因此大家对议论文也应该给予足够的重视。 展现题材的丰富性 高考阅读理解注重题材的多样化、现代化和生活化，不仅主题广泛、科学实用，而且生动有趣。阅读理解涵盖了人物故事、名人传记、前沿科技、环境保护、地理现象和历史文化等话题，并且趋向于当今世界的热点话题，充分体现了语言是文化的载体这一重要思想。相较来看，社会文化、人物故事、科普知识和时文报道类的文章占有较大的比重(详见下图8)。 不同题型考查了学生不同层面的阅读能力，同时又有所侧重 阅读理解题型多样，比较全面的考查了考生不同层面的阅读能力。题型分布合理，以细节理解题为主，对推理判断题和主旨大意题的考查整体呈上升趋势。(详见下图9) 综上所述，我们不难发现，体裁多样化，题材丰富化，题型的能力化，已成为高考英语阅读理解考查的一个趋势。 高考阅读理解真题汇总 （一）阅读真题之时文报道 （2010·四川高考） Somali pirates （海盗） robbed three Thai fishing ships with 77 sailors on board nearly 1，200 miles off the Somali coast， the farthest？？off？？shore attack to date， an officer said Tuesday. Pirates have gone farther south and east in answer to increased patrols（巡逻） by warships off the Somali shore. The robbing of the three ships Sunday was about 600 miles outside the normal operation area for the international force， said a spokesman. The spokesman said the attack so far out at sea was a clear sign that the international patrols against pirates were having a “marked effect on pirate activity in the area”． “Once they start attacking that far out， you‘re not even really talking about the Somali basin or areas of water that have any connection with Somalia.” said an officer， Roger Middleton. “Once you’re that far out， it‘s just the Indian Ocean，and it means you’re looking at trade going from the Gulf to Asia， from Asia to South Africa.” “This is the farthest robbing to date. They are now operating near the Maldives and India.” said another officer. The three ships－the MV Prantalay 11，12，and 14－had 77 members on board in total. All of them are Thai， the spokesman said. Before the Sunday robbing， pirates held 11 ships and 228 sailors. Pirates have increased atta