初三英语复习_串讲.ppt

初三英语串讲 一 名词 (一)可数名词 一般情况下，直接加“s” map – maps teacher – teachers 以字母s, x, ss, o, ch, sh结尾的单词，加“es” bus – buses box – boxes glass – glasses watch – watches brush – brushes ch – [k] stomach – stomachs ▲ hero – heroes tomato – tomatoes potato – potatoes mosquito--mosquitoes ▲ bamboo – bamboos zoo – zoos radio –radios photo – photos piano – pianos kilo – kilos video – videos studio – studios zero –zeros (zeroes) 3. 以辅字母+y 结尾的名词，把 “y”变为“i” 再加“-es” city – cities country – countries 以元音字母+ “y” 结尾的名词，直接加 boy – boys day – days monkey – monkeys 4. 以“f” 或“fe”结尾的单词，把“f” 或者“fe” 变成 “v”再加“es” thief – thieves knife – knives leaf – leaves half – halves self – selves ▲ roof – roofs chief -- chiefs 5. 不规则变化 man – men woman – women foot – feet tooth – teeth mouse – mice goose – geese policeman – policemen Englishwoman – Englishwomen German-Germans human-humans gentleman – gentlemen a man driver – men drivers a woman doctor – women doctors 6. 词尾变化 child – children ox -- oxen 7. 单复数同形 fish deer sheep Chinese Japanese Portuguese Vietnamese 只有复数形式的名词 clothes trousers glasses shorts pants (socks) compasses thanks scissors a pair of trousers a suit of clothes hair / fruit a few white hairs many juicy fruits (二) 不可数名词 单复数形式分别表示不同的意义 time – times 次数，时代，倍 wood – woods 森林 work – works 工厂，著作 paper – papers 卷子 green – greens 蔬菜 有些物质名字在表示不同类别的时候可用复数 tea – teas 各种茶 fruit – fruits 各种水果 fish – fishes 各种鱼 3. 有些抽象名词可以用复数形式来表示具体的事物 difficulty – difficulties 困难 4. 姓氏 the Smiths = the Smith family 5. 量词 a kilo of a plate of a pair of a pi