高三语法复习讲练--定语从句用法.docVIP

定语从句的用法 定语从句的作用 作用 在句子中作定语,修饰句子中的某一名词或代词,从句须放在先行词之后。 关联词 关联词用于引导一个定语从句,代替先行词在从句中充当一定的成分。 关系代词的作用 作用 例 句 1.作主语 The student who is talking with the monitor is Lucy.（指人作主语） A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.（指物作主语） 2.作表语 3.She is no longer the girl that she used to be.（指人作表语） 3.作宾语 4The student whom (who)you want to see has come already.（指人作宾语） 5.The letter which I received yesterday was from a friend of mine.（指物作宾语） 4.作定语 6.The girl whose mother is a teacher studies very hard.（指人作定语） 须用that引导的定语从句 情 况 例 句 nothing,everything,anything,much, all,little等不定代词作先行词时，常用that引导从句.something两者均可。 Is there anything that I can do for you? 2.指物的先行词前被序数词修饰时。 The first thing that we should do is to help him. 3.指物的先行词前被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best foreign film that I have ever seen. 4.指物的先行词前被the very, the only, the same修饰时。 That’s the very tool that we are looking for. 5.先行词既指人又指物时。 They talked about the things and friends that they could remember. 6.主句是由Who/Which引导的特殊疑问句时。 Who is the man that is standing over there? Which is the tool that you are looking for? (四).不可由that引导的定语从句 1.在非限制性定语从句中。 Mr Smith ,who lives in Chicago, is a doctor . 2.关系代词在从句中作前置介词的宾语时。 This is the room in which Mr Liu once lived . 3.由that作先行词时。 The bread which is made by my mother is better than that which is sold in food shops. 4.someone.somebody,nobody,anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody等指物的不定代词作先行词时。 Anyone who breaks the law will be punished. （五）.非限制性定语从句的特点：1.不能用that引导定语从句。2.关系代词不能省略。 （六）关系副词的用法：关系副词代替先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当状语。 When指代表示时间的先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当时间状语。例如： October 1，1949 was the day when（=on which） the People’s Republic of China was founded. Where指代先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当地点状语。例如： We will visit the house where(=in which)Lu Xun was born. why代替先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当原因状语.例如: Who can tell me the reason why(=for which) Tom was absent today? 配套定语从句专练： 1.The man_____talked to you just now is an engineer of the computer company. A.who B.which