学位英语.docVIP

学位英语名词性从句考点 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。因为它是从句，因此具有句子的结构特点（即有一套主谓成份）；同时又具有名词性特点，所以可以在复合句中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。一、连接词what与that的用法区别引导主、宾、表语从句时，what要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分，that不作任何成分，只在语法上起连接的作用。例如____ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have.A. What; what??? B. what; that??? C. That; that??? D. That; what解析：本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句，且两个从句都缺乏宾语，可见两个引导词都必须充当成分，所以答案是A。又如：____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A. What??? B. That???? C. How???? D. Where解析：该题答案是A，what在主语从句中作主语，即作谓语动词caused的执行者。在下面的例句中，that不充当任何成份，只起语法连接作用（因为句子本身不缺成分）：??? That the former Iraq president Saddam was captured has been proved.二、?连接词whether和if的用法区别通常，引导主语从句、表语从句和引导同位语从句时，要用连词whether，不用if；习惯上也只能说whether or not，而不说if …or not。例如：____ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A. Whenever??? B. If???? C. Whether???? D. That解析：试题中的从句位于句首，不难知道这是一个主语从句，所以答案是C。但是在宾语从句中表达“是否”既可用if也可用whether。三、?名词性从句的语序与别的从句一样，名词性从句必须用陈述语序。例如:No one can be sure ____ in a million years.A. what man will look like?????? B. what will man look like? C. man will look like what?????? D. what look will man like解析：由于从句不能倒装，所以答案只能是A。又如：You can’t imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excited????? B. how excited they wereC. how excited were they????? D. they were how excited 解析：答案是B。同时还须注意，从句的引导词必须始终置于句首，而且how和被修饰的词excited不能分裂开。四、?形式主语、形式宾语当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句后置，而用it作为形式主语，置于句首。动词后接复合宾语，也可用it作形式宾语。例如:____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There??? B. This??? C. That??? D. It解析：所需词至于句首，同时后面有that-从句（逻辑主语），可见这里应该用形式主语it,所以答案是D。think, find, consider, believe, feel等动词后常带复合宾语。例如：Many people think it possible that a trade war between EU and the States will happen.五、?Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”。例如：It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.A. however??? B. whatever???? C. whichever??? D. whenever解析：答案是B，whatever引