汉英语篇衔接对比与翻译策略.pptVIP

汉英语篇衔接对比与翻译策略 TEM8汉译英评析 英语语篇衔接手段(cohesive devices) 1.照应(reference) 2.替代(substitution) 3.省略(ellipsis ) 4.连接(conjunction) 5.词汇衔接(lexical cohesion) 复现关系(reiteration) ①原词复现②同义词、近义词复现③上下义词复现④概括词复现。 同现关系(collocation) Halliday Hasan: Cohesion in English (1976) 1.汉语重复 v.s. 英语替代 汉英语篇衔接手段对比分析表明: 汉英两种语言的部分语篇衔接手段在使用上各有所偏重，汉语更常用原词复现和省略，而英语则多用照应和替代。 汉语倾向于用重复手段，而英语倾向于用替代手段。汉语不喜欢使用同义替代的手段，因为会使精神分散;也不喜欢使用代词，因为容易变得所指不明。结果由于强调重复，反而变成了某种意义上的“形合”。 在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。人是很有趣的，往往在接触一个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。开始吃头盘或冷碟的时候，印象很好。吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。愈吃愈趋于冷静，吃完了这顿筵席，缺点就都找出来了。于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。这是因为，第一，开始吃的时候你正处于饥饿状态，而饿了吃糠甜加蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。第二，你初到一个餐馆，开始举筷时有新鲜感，新盖的茅房三天香，这也可以叫做“陌生化效应”。 ?? 开始吃的时候你正处于饥饿状态，而饿了吃糠甜加蜜 1. ... as you start eating you are in hunger, and when you are in hunger chaff tastes sweet as honey 2. ... as you start eating you are in hunger, when chaff tastes sweet as honey… 试比较英汉语表达方法: 1.他在这时来了，而这时我根本想不到他会来。 He came at a time when I least expected him. 2.那是一个寒冷潮湿的晚上，这样的晚上大部分人待在家里。 It was one of those cold, wet evenings when most people stay indoors. 汉语复句中的两个子句意思是相对的，转折的，英语可用替代词vice versa, the other way round. vice versa: is used to indicate that the reverse of what you have said is also true. E.g. He believed that a man should have as many wives as he wants, but not vice versa. Industrialization is progress, and vice versa. 试比较英汉语表达方法: 1.We gossip about them and vice versa. 我们谈论他们的是非，他们也谈论我们的是非。 2.为了推动中美关系的发展，中国需要进一步了解美国，美国也需要进一步了解中国。 To promote the development of China U.S. relations, China needs to know the United States better and vice versa. 饿了吃糠甜加蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。 1.Even chaff tastes sweet as honey when one is hungry, whereas honey doesn’t taste sweet at all when one is full. 2.For hungry ones ordinary food becomes a delicious one as if it is mixed with honey, however when they are full, even honey will not taste so sweet. 3.The least tasteful food taste sweet when you’re hungry, while the sweetest honey tastes nothing special when youre full. 4. Husks will ta