模具专业英语 教学课件 作者 王浩钢 14456第16章.ppt

Lesson 16　Machine Tools 　　The purpose of any machine tool is to remove metal. Each machine tool removes metal in a different way. it.① 　　For example, in one type (the lathe) metal is removed by a single point tool as the work is rotated, whereas in another type (the milling machine) a cutter is rotated and metal is removed as the work is progressed beneath． 　　Which machine tool is to be used for a particular job depends to a large extent upon the type of machining required. 　　There is, however, a certain amount of overlapping and some machine tools can be utilized for several different operations but it must not be assumed that the particular machine tool is restricted to the operation shown. 　　The machine tools which will be found in the modern toolroom are as follows: 　　(i) Lathes for turning, boring and screwcutting, etc. The primary purpose of the lathe is to machine cylindrical forms. The contour is generated by rotating the work with respect to a single-point cutting tool. 　　(ii) Cylindrical grinding machines for the production of precision cylindrical surfaces. The cylindrical grinding machine is used for precision grinding cylindrical mould parts. 　　Metal is removed by the action of abrasive grinding wheel which is brought into contact with a contra-rotating workpiece. 　　(iii) Shaping and planning machines for the reduction of steel blocks and plates to the required thickness and for ‘squaring up’ these plates②. 　　As the primary purpose of a shaping machine is to produce flat surfaces, this machine tool is used in the initial preparation of mould blocks. 　　The workpiece is mounted on a table and a reciprocating single-point tool removes metal in a series of straight cuts. 　　(iv) Surface grinding machines for the production of precision flat surfaces. An excellent surface finish combined with accuracy can be achieved on hard or soft steel with the surface grinding machine. 　　The workpiece is mounted on a table which is reciprocated benea