MATLAB 第二章 矩阵和数组.pptVIP

逗号和分号的作用 逗号和分号可作为指令间的分隔符，Matlab允许多条语句在同一行出现。 分号如果出现在指令后，屏幕上将不显示结果。 冒号的作用 ?用于生成等间隔的向量，默认间隔为1。 ?用于选出矩阵指定行、列及元素。 ?循环语句 当一个指令或矩阵太长时，可用???续行 MATLAB supports arrays with more than two dimensions. Multidimensional arrays can be numeric, character, cell, or structure arrays. Multidimensional arrays can be used to represent multivariate data. MATLAB provides a number of functions that directly support multidimensional arrays. Contents 2.7.1 Creating multi-dimensional arrays 2.7.2 Finding the dimensions 2.7.3 Accessing elements 2.7.4 Manipulating multi-dimensional arrays 2.7.5 Selecting 2D matrices from multi-dimensional arrays 2.7.1 Creating multi-dimensional arrays Multidimensional arrays in MATLAB are created the same way as two-dimensional arrays. For example, first define the 3 by 3 matrix, and then add a third dimension. The CAT function is a useful tool for building multidimensional arrays. B = cat(DIM,A1,A2,...) builds a multidimensional array by concatenating A1, A2 ... along the dimension DIM. Calls to CAT can be nested. A = cat(3,[9 2; 6 5], [7 1; 8 4]); B = cat(3,[3 5; 0 1], [5 6; 2 1]); C = cat(4,A,B,cat(3,[1 2; 3 4], [4 3; 2 1])); C = cat(3,A,cat(3,[1 2; 3 4], [4 3; 2 1]));? C = cat(3,A,cat(3,[1 2; 3 4]))；? 2.7.2 Finding the dimensions SIZE and NDIMS return the size and number of dimensions of matrices. 2.7.3 Accessing elements To access a single element of a multidimensional array, use integer subscripts. For example D(1,2,2,2), using D defined in the previous slide, returns 6. C(1,2,2,2) ans = 6 ％第1行，第2列，第3维的2，第4维的2 Array subscripts can also be vectors. For example: K = C(:,:,1,[1 3]) K(:,:,1,1) = 9 2 6 5 %第3维的第1个，第4维的第1个 K(:,:,1,2) = 1 2 3 4 %第3维的第1个，第4维的第3个 2.7.4 Manipulating multi-dimensional arrays RESHAPE, PERMUTE, and SQUEEZE are used to manipulate n-dimensional arrays. RESHAPE behaves as it does for 2D arrays. The operation of PERMUTE is illustrated below. Let A be