2015高考英语（人教版）一轮课件：高考语法8情态动词与虚拟语气.pptVIP

(3)may用于肯定句、否定句 That may be so，but I doubt it. 也许是这样，但我表示怀疑。 may have done.可能做过。 may not have done.可能未做过。 It may not have been my mistake. 也许不是我的错。 He may have arrived in Shanghai. 他可能已经到达上海了。 (4)might肯定句、否定句、疑问句 He might have known the news. 他也许已经知道了这个消息。 He might not have arrived in Shanghai. 他也许还没到上海。 (5)must do一定…… He must work in a hospital. 他一定在一家医院工作。 must have done一定已经…… He must have finished his work. 他一定已经完成了任务。 (7)neednt have done本不必…… You neednt have posted him the book.He is coming this afternoon. 你本不必把书寄过去，他下午就来。 二、虚拟语气 1．虚拟语气与陈述语气的区别： (1)意义不同 陈述语气表示动词或状态是现实的，确实的或符合事实的，而虚拟语气表示动作状态不是事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设、建议或推测等。 (2)形式不同 虚拟语气的谓语动词形式和陈述语气的谓语动词形式不同，如虚拟条件句的谓语和真实条件句的谓语就截然不同。如： If it rains tomorrow，our picnic will be put off. 如果明天下雨，我们的郊游就推迟。(陈述语气，说话人认为下雨的可能性很大。) If it rained tomorrow，our picnic would be put off. 万一明天下雨，我们的郊游就推迟。(虚拟语气，说话人认为下雨的可能性较小。) 2．虚拟语气在句子中的应用 (1)虚拟语气在非真实性条件句中的应用 虚拟条件句 主句 例句 与现在事实相反的假设 If＋主语＋动词的过去式(be动词用were) 主语＋should(would，could，might)＋动词原形 If I had time，I would attend the meeting. 如果我有时间我就去参加会议。 If I were you，I should seize the chance to go abroad. 如果我是你，我就会抓住这次出国的机会。 与过去事实相反的假设 If＋主语＋had＋过去分词 主语＋should(would，could，might)＋have＋过去分词 If you had taken my advice，you would not have failed in the exams. 如果你听了我的话，你就不会考试及不了格。 与将来事实相反的假设 ①If＋主语＋动词的过去式②If＋主语＋were to＋动词原形③If＋主语＋should＋动词原形 主语＋should，would，could，might＋动词原形 ①If you came tomorrow，we would have the meeting. 如果你明天来，我们就开会。 ②If it were to rain tomorrow，the sports meeting would be put off. 如果明天下雨，运动会就推迟。 ③If he should not come tomorrow，we should put off the meeting till next Monday. 如果明天他不来，我们就把会议推迟到下周一。 注意： (1)如果条件从句中包含有were，had，should，有时可把if省略掉，把were，had，should放在主语前，构成倒装，意思不变。如： ①Were I twenty now，I would join the army. ＝If I were twenty now，I would join the army. 如果我今年二十岁，我就参军。 ②Had we made a great effort, we might have succeeded. ＝If we had made a great effort，we might have succeeded. 如果我们做了很大的努力的话，我们可能就获得成功了。 ③Should Mr.White call，what would you say? ＝If Mr.White should call，what wo