Chapter 10 - Layout.ppt

Chapter 10 - Layout Layout Types Layout Types Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS) were born out of the desire to make small batch production more efficient and recently to improve the company’s market performance by improving manufacturing flexibility (Chen et al, 1992). There are three key components to FMS: Several CNC machines (only one CNC would be a FM Cell not FMS) and the hierarchy of the communication and levels of control (Stecke) An automated material handling system for moving materials and parts from one machine to another (conveyor, guided carts, AGV) A host computer controlling the CNC’s FMS are designed around families of parts for mid-volume production. FMS completes a given number of operations on an item before it leaves the system. The root process is still batch. Manufacturers should consider several important implications before implementing FMS: Technological – CNC machines, CAD, Robots, AGV (auto guided vehicles). Early in FMS development, FMS technology was purchased to reduce environmental uncertainty (threats). Research by Chen et al (1992) proposed that FMT can assume an offensive role to turn threats into opportunities and firms can achieve benefits of manufacturing flexibility. Financial – capital appraisal techniques Political – management, skills, commitment Sociological – fewer jobs Hybrid Layouts One-worker, multiple-machines cell: worker operates several different machines simultaneously to achieve a line flow. Can change setupsto produce differentproduct/part Reduces inventory Group Technology Product layouts with low-volume processes. Creates cells not limited to just one worker and groups parts or products with similar characteristics into families and sets aside groups of machines for production. Goal is to minimize setup or changeovers for similar processing requirements Group Technology Designing Process Layouts Line Balancing – assignment of work stations in a line to achieve desired output rate with the smalle