Chapter 10 Data Abstraction and Object Orientation.ppt

Chapter 10: Data Abstraction and Object Orientation Aaron Bloomfield CS 415 Fall 2005 Fundamental OO Concepts Encapsulation Inheritance Dynamic Method Binding Encapsulation Encapsulation Encapsulation allows the programmer to group data and the subroutines that operate on them together in one place, and to hide irrelevant details from the user. Information Hiding Making objects and algorithms invisible to portions of the system that do not need them. Modules If a module M exports a type T, the rest of the program can only pass T to subroutines exported from M. T is said to be an opaque type. var Database : module exports tuple with : , name … type tuple record var name : packed array 1..80 of char … end tuple … What can the code outside the Database module do? Module Changing Body is Changed Private Part of Header is Changed Public Part of Header is Changed Classes can limit visibility Private Protected Public Package in some languages, e.g. Java Derived class can restrict visibility Private Protected and public members of base class are private in derived class. Protected Protected and public members of base class are protected in derived class. Public Protected and public members of base class are protected and public in derived class. Private members of base class aren’t visible in derived class. Initialization and Finalization Four Important Issues Choosing a Constructor References and Values Execution Order Garbage Collection We’ve seen that already Choosing a Constructor Object-Oriented Languages allow classes to have zero, one or more different constructors. Two ways to distinguish between constructors Different Names Different Number and Types of Arguements Constructors Eiffel code: class COMPLEX creation new_cartesian, new_polar … new_cartesian x_val, y_va; : REAL is … new_polar rho, theta : REAL is … class mydata public: mydata string data ; mydata int data ; mydata ; ; References and Values C++