Chapter 11 Language Acquisition.ppt

Chapter 11 Language Acquisition English Linguistics: An Introduction Chapter 11 Language Acquisition 0. Warm-up Questions 1. Important Distinctions 2. First Language Acquisition 3. Second Language Acquisition 0. Warm-up Questions 1. Important Distinctions 1. Important Distinctions 1. Important Distinctions 2. First Language Acquisition 2. First Language Acquisition 2. First Language Acquisition 3. Second Language Acquisition 3. Second Language Acquisition 3. Second Language Acquisition 3. Second Language Acquisition 3. Second Language Acquisition 3. Second Language Acquisition 3. Second Language Acquisition 3. Second Language Acquisition * * Why can children acquire their mother tongue effectively and effortlessly? Is there a critical period for learning the first or second language? What are the differences between L1 acquisition and L2 learning? What are individual differences that may contribute to different rates and attainments of SLA? 1.1 Acquisition vs. learning 习得与学习 The distinction was made by Stephen Krashen (1982) as part of his Monitor Theory. Acquisition is the subconscious process of “pick up” a language through exposure. Learning refers to the conscious process of studying a language. 1.2 Second language vs. foreign language A second language (L2) is any language learned after the first language or mother tongue (L1), e.g. English in India. A foreign language is any language learned for use in an area where that language is not generally spoken, e.g. English in China. 1.3 Language acquisition vs. SLA Language acquisition usually refers to first language acquisition, which means the children’s acquisition of their native/mother language. SLA is the process by which people of a language can learn a second language in addition to their native language. 2.1 Theories of FLA Behaviorism: Language learning is simply a matter of imitation and habit formation. Innatism: Human beings are biologically programmed