Chapter 7 Strings.ppt

Chapter 7 Strings To process strings using the String class, the StringBuffer class, and the StringTokenizer class. To use the String class to process fixed strings. To use static methods in the Character class. To use the StringBuffer class to process flexible strings. To use the StringTokenizer class to extract tokens from a string. To use the command-line arguments. The String Class Constructing a String: String message = Welcome to Java! String message = new String(Welcome to Java!“); String s = new String(); Obtaining String length and Retrieving Individual Characters in a string String String Concatenation (concat) Substrings (substring(index), substring(start, end)) Comparisons (equals, compareTo) String Conversions Finding a Character or a Substring in a String Conversions between Strings and Arrays Converting Characters and Numeric Values to Strings Constructing Strings Strings newString = new String(stringLiteral); ? String message = new String(Welcome to Java!); Since strings are used frequently, Java provides a shorthand notation for creating a string: String message = Welcome to Java!; Strings Are Immutable NOTE: A String object is immutable, whose contents cannot be changed. To improve efficiency and save memory, Java Virtual Machine stores two String objects into the same object, if the two String objects are created with the same string literal using the shorthand notation. Therefore, the shorthand notation is preferred to create strings. Strings Are Immutable, cont. NOTE: A string that is created using the shorthand notation is known as a canonical string. You can use the String’s intern method to return a canonical string, which is the same string that is created using the shorthand notation. Examples String s = Welcome to Java!; String s1 = new String(Welcome to Java!); String s2 = ern(); System.out.println(s1 == s is + (s1 == s)); System.out.println(s2 == s is + (s2 == s)); System.out.println(s1 == s2 is + (s1 == s2