Lecture Note 8.ppt

Lecture Note 8 Globalization, East Asian Development, and Gender: A Historical Overview (Chow Ngan-ling, Ch. 1) Main issues A. Globalization (What is it?) B. Globalization and East Asian Development: the making of nine HPAEs (High-Performing Asian Economies) from 1965 and 1990: Japan, the four “Asian dragons/tigers” (S. Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and S’pore), China, Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia. C. Examine the development processes in East Asia from gender perspective—Gender [as a verb] East Asian Development The Asia-Pacific Region Globalization: concept Globalization refers to the compression of the world in spatial and temporal terms, describing the ever-changing and intensifying networks of cross-border consciousness, human interaction, system interdependence, and transformation on a world scale. Under globalization, global economy is an increasingly interdependent system of production, distribution, exchange and consumption. In the global economy, flows of capital, labor, raw materials, goods, technology, information, markets, trade, and finance are processed Here we focus on socio-economic aspects of globalization as they relate to gender. Globalization and Development in the Asia-Pacific Region (1) Four major waves of development in the region since the end of W. W. II. (Michael Hsiao): The first two waves are about industrialization; the third and fourth waves are about economic restructuring. The first wave: Industrialization in Japan from the mid-1950s. Japan became a fully developed country by 1973 The second wave: industrialization in South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore from the 1950s. In the mid-1960s, Taiwan was the first country to succeed in establishing export processing zones (EPZs), where a significant number of young, single women workers were employed. By the mid-1980s, the four states created the “economic miracle” and emerged as NIES (newly industrialized economies) Globalization and Development in the Asia-Pacific Region (2) E