金门大桥是世界著名的桥梁之一.docVIP

金门大桥是世界著名的桥梁之一，是近代桥梁工程的一项奇迹。大桥雄峙于美国加利福尼亚州宽1900多米的金门海峡之上，历时4年和10万多吨钢材，耗资达3550万美元建成，由史特劳斯设计。因其历史价值，于2007年由英、美两国合拍成同名纪录片。 1579年英国探险家FrancisDrake发现了连结太平洋和旧金山的一个海峡，这就是后来的金门。尽管这个名字在1849年的淘金潮以前早就使用，但淘金潮使得金门（进入北加利福尼亚的入口）成了加利福尼亚神秘魅力不可缺少的一部分。早在1872年就讨论过要在金门海峡修建一座大桥的想法，但是直到1937年才在海峡上修了一座悬索桥。金门大桥横跨南北，将旧金山市与Marin县连结起来。花费四年多时间修建的这座桥是世界上最漂亮的结构之一。它已不是世界上最长的悬索桥，但它却是最著名的。金门大桥的巨大桥塔高227米，每根钢索重6412公吨，由27000根钢丝绞成。1933年1月始建，1937年5月首次建成通车。 The orange towers of the Golden Gate Bridge-probably the most beautiful, certainly the most photographed bridge in the world-are visible from almost every point of elevation in San Francisco. The only cleft in Northern Californias 600-mile continental wall, for years this mile-wide strait was considered unbridgeable. As much an architectural as an engineering feat, the Golden Gate took only 52 months to design and build, and was opened in 1937. Designed by Joseph Strauss, it was the first really massive suspension bridge, with a span of 4200ft, and until 1959 ranked as the worlds longest. It connects the city at its northwesterly point on the peninsula to Marin County and Northern California, rendering the hitherto essential ferry crossing redundant, and was designed to withstand winds of up to a hundred miles an hour and to swing as much as 27ft. Handsome on a clear day, the bridge takes on an eerie quality when the thick white fogs pour in and hide it almost completely. 　　You can either drive or walk across. The drive is the more thrilling of the two options as you race under the bridges towers, but the half-hour walk across it really gives you time to take in its enormous size and absorb the views of the city behind you and the headlands of Northern California straight ahead. Pause at the midway point and consider the seven or so suicides a month who choose this spot, 260ft up, as their jumping-off spot. Monitors of such events speculate that victims always face the city before they leap. In 1995, when the suicide toll from the bridge had reached almo