专业科考试试题.docVIP

专业课试题 1 肺癌病例组织分型及大体分型。 2 肺脓肿影像表现及肺空洞的鉴别诊断。 3 肺结核分型及各型的影像表现。 4 肺内孤立性肺结节影像鉴别诊断。 专业英语试题 The nodular pattern is characterised by the presence of multiple nodular opacities with a maximum diameter of 3 cm. A nodule with a diameter less than 1 cm can be defined as a small nodule, whereas a nodule larger than 1 cm is often called a large nodular. The term ?micro nodule?usually refers to nodules no larger than 7 mm in diameter. The term?miliary pattern? indicates the presence of multiple small (1?3 mm) micro nodules with sharp contours distributed in a major part of the lungs in the nodular pattern range from 1 mm to 1 cm. Larger nodules are often the result of the fusion of several small nodules. The CT assessment of the nodular pattern is based on the assessment of the nodulecharacteristics (appearance pattern) and on the study of the distribution of the nodules (distribution pattern). The assessment of nodule characteristics is predominantly based on the study of the borders (sharp or blurred) and the density (solid or ground glass) of these nodules. Using these characteristics, lung nodules can often be divided into interstitial nodules and airspace nodules. Other characteristics such as size, cavitation and presence of calcium are, of course, valuable also. Since histologically many nodular opacities involve both the interstitial and alveolar compartments, the distinction between airspace nodules and interstitial nodules is somewhat arbitrary and often difficult to make. Hence, the study of the distribution of the nodules is generally more valuable in the differential diagnosis than their appearance. This study includes the consideration of the regional distribution (upper lung vs lower lung vs diffuse; central vs peripheral; posterior vs anterior) and,most importantly, the characterisation of the nodules by their relation to the secondary pulmonary lobule. The latter allows the distinction between the (peri)lymphatic nodular pattern, the centrilobular