(环境生态学)城市二氧化碳循环.pdf

e c o l o g i c a l m o d e l l i n g 2 1 6 ( 2 0 0 8 ) 107–113 a v a i la b le at ww w.scie ncedirect. com j o u rn al h omepage: www.elsevi er.c om /locate/ecolmode l Modeling the carbon cycle of urban systems Galina Churkina a,b,∗ a The University of Michigan, School of Natural Resources and Environment, Dana Building, 440 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1041, USA b ¨ Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knoll str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Although more than 80% of carbon dioxide emissions originate in urban areas, the role of Published on line 20 April 2008 human settlements in the biosphere evolution and in global carbon cycling remains largely neglected. Understanding the relationships between the form and pattern of urban develop- Keywords: ment and the carbon cycle is however crucial for estimating future trajectories of greenhouse Carbon cycle gas concentrations in the atmosphere and can facilitate mitigation of climate change. In this Urban system paper I review state-of-the-art in modeling of urban carbon cycle. I start with the properties Modeling of urban ecosystems from the ecosystem theory point of view. Then I discuss key elements City of an urban system and to which degree they are represented in the existing models. In conclusions I highlight necessity of including biophys