文体与文体学(开篇).pptVIP

Chapter One Style and Stylistics E.g.(1) “Take an egg, and make a perforation in the base and a corresponding one in the apex. And then, apply the lips to the aperture, and by forcibly inhaling the breath, the shell is entirely discharged of its contents.” “It fair beats all how folks do things nowadays. When I was a gal, they made a hole in each end and sucked.” E.g.(2) (1) My beloved parent has joined the heavenly choir. (2) My dear father has passed away. (3) My father has died. (4) My old man has kicked the bucket. I. Concepts of Style (1) A person’s distinctive language habits, or the set of individual characteristics of language use e.g. Hemingway’s style Henry James’s style Mark Twain’s style (2). Some or all of the language habits shared by a group of people at one time,or over a period of time. e.g. Elizabethan style the style of legal document the style of news reporting (3). A characteristic of “good” or “beautiful” literary writings. e.g. ornate style terse style plain style (4) Style may refer to the effectiveness of a mode of expression, which is implied in the definition of style as ‘saying the right thing in the most effective way’ or ‘good manners’, as a ‘clear’ or ‘refined’ style advocated in most books of composition. Definition of style we will see some most influential and representative views of style.(英语文体学要略 p11） Style as form. （Aristotle）（form and content ） Style as eloquence.（Cicero）（skill to use language persuasively）（the relation with rhetoric） Style is the man. （Buffon） Style as personal idiosyncrasy.（Murry） Saying the right thing in the most effective way.（Enkvist） Style as the choice between alternative expressions. （Enkvist） Style as equivalence. （Roman Jacobson）（between form and function） Style as foregrounding. （Leech Mukarovsky） Style as deviation.（Mukarovsky Spitzer） Style as pro