矿区地表变形监测方法探讨.doc

本科毕业论文 矿区地表变形监测方法探讨 DISCUSSION ON MONITORING METHOD OF MINE SURFACE DEFORMATION 学院（部）： 专业班级： 学生姓名： 指导教师： 年 月 日 矿区地表变形监测方法探讨 摘要 近年来，人们对矿区的大规模开采，使得矿区地表变形越来越严重，地表变形成为整个矿区地质环境问题之一。在矿区不管是露天还是地下开采都不可避免地引起矿区地貌的变化，矿区地表的变形对整个矿区环境、矿区建筑物、生态等带来了严重的影响，也影响了矿区安全生产。因此，进行地表变形监测成为矿区安全生产不可缺少的一部分，是矿区的重中之重。监测数据中我们可以找出变形的规律，从而我们可以从中找出变形体变形的原因，来得到解决方案。而怎样进行变形监测将成为今日的热门话题，本文将重点论述传统的和近代的一些变形监测技术，详细的阐述各技术的原理。不同监测技术是否能联合使用，以及对比性的来说明各监测技术。 关键字：矿区地表，变形监测，监测方法 DISCUSSION ON MONITORING METHOD OF MINE SURFACE DEFORMATION ABSTRACT In recent years, large-scale mining areas, so that more and more severe mining of surface deformation, surface deformation become one of the environmental problems of the mine geology. In the mining area, whether open-air or underground mining will inevitably lead to changes in the landscape of the mining area, mine surface deformation on the mine environment, mining buildings, poses a serious ecological impact, but also affected the mine production safety. Therefore, the surface deformation monitoring mine safety has become an indispensable part of the production, it is the most important mining area. Monitoring data, we can find out the rules deformable so we can find out the cause of a large deformation, to obtain solutions. And how to conduct deformation monitoring will become a hot topic today, This article focuses on some of the traditional and modern deformation monitoring technology, elaborated the principle of each technology. Are different monitoring techniques can be used in combination, as well as comparative to illustrate the various monitoring techniques. KEYWORDS：Surface Mining，Deformation Monitoring，Monitoring methods  摘要 2 ABSTRACT 3 绪论 5 1.变形监测概述 5 1.1变形监测的含义 5 1.2变形监测的研究对象 6 1.3变形监测的特点 6 1.4变形监测技术的发展 7 1.5变形监测技术的未来 8 1.6对矿区进行变形监测的意义 8 2.变形监测方法 8 2.1常规大地测量方法 9 2.1.1常规大地测量方法含义 9 2.1.2常规大地测量使用仪器 9 2.1.3常规大地测量方法 9 2.2 GPS一机多天线技术 10 2.2.1 GPS一机多天线工作原理 11 2