L12 Affirmative vs. Negative.pptVIP

Negative Affirmative 正反译法 Negation in English 1. Full negatives: no, not, none, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere, neither, nor; 2. Semi negatives: hardly, scarcely, seldom, barely, few, little, etc. 3. Partial negatives: not every, not all, not both, not much, not many, not always, etc. 4. Words with negative affixes: “dis-”, “im-”, “in-”, “non”, “un-”, “-less”, etc. 5. Words or expressions with negative implication: Fail, without, beyond, until, unless, lest, ignorant, refrain, refuse, neglect, absence, instead of, other than, except, rather than, etc. Negation in Chinese “Negatives” in Chinese: “不”、“无”、“没”、 “否”、“未”、 非”、“勿”、“莫”、“休”、“甭”、“弗”； “毫无”、 “绝不”、“否则”、“并非”、“没有”、“未尝”等等 。 Translatable in both ways The criminal is still at large. 罪犯仍旧逍遥法外。（正） 罪犯还未捉拿归案。（反） It would be most disastrous if even a rumor of it were given out. 只要有一点风声泄露出去，结果将会是灾难性的。 （正） 只要有一点风声泄露出去，结果将不堪设想。 （反） affirmative → negative It is sometimes advisable and even necessary to convert affirmatives (often implying negation) in English into negatives in Chinese due to differences in the way of thinking and in the mode of expression. Affirmative in English，Negative in Chinese 1.verb He failed to appreciate our kindness. 他不识抬举。 His words and actions ill consort together. 他言行不一。 She tried to restrain her anger at her husband before her parents. 在父母面前，她尽力克制自己不对丈夫发火。 His grandmother is 86, but she carried her years easily. 他祖母已86岁了，可并不显老。 This was a view which seems to have escaped the Prime Minister. 首相似乎没有看到这一点。 So cheer up, Captain; and buy a flower off a poor girl. 别发愁了，长官，买咱穷女孩一枝花吧。 2. adj-adv. He is strange to compliments. 他不爱听恭维话。 He thought he’d got a mortal illness. 他以为自己得了不治之症。 My boss treated me poorly. 我的老板对我不好。 Please tender exact fee. 恕不找零 3. nouns For large numbers of people, the absence of work is harmful to their health. 对大多数人来讲，没有工作反而对他们的健康有害。 I think, however, that , provided workis not excessive in am