南斯拉夫“实践派”实践乌托邦批判定稿.docVIP

中文摘要 南斯拉夫“实践派”作为实践派的主要组成部分，其思想上主张思维和存在、主体和客体的无差别的统一，割裂理论和实践的辩证统一，却以真正的马克思主义的代表者自居，说马克思主义不是哲学，说自然辩证法是强加于马克思的，说马克思的反映论意识并不能反映客观现实，他们还认为马克思的历史唯物主义用经济基础和上层建筑对社会的分析是无意义的，此外他们认为马克思主义的决定论与个人自由是矛盾的，他们以他们“实践”概念为核心，构建—实践乌托邦体系，以此来反对马克思主义。本文则立足于传统马克思主义的立场，对上述谬误的观点进行了分析和批驳，以捍卫传统马克思主义的思想和地位。并在此过程中明确，马克思在强调实践的同时强调哲学的重要性，在特定的意义上，不仅马克思主义是哲学，而且南斯拉夫“实践派”的思想本身也是哲学。就南斯拉夫“实践派”在对马克思主义哲学观理解的偏颇中，我们则强调马克思主义与自然辩证法的有机统一，自然辩证法是马克思主义的重要组成部分；马克思的反映论是科学的理论，意识能够历史的反映客观现实，从而给南斯拉夫“实践派”顽固的怀疑主义立场以致命的一击；与此同时，我们重申了马克思用历史唯物主义的观点，用上层建筑与经济基础的辨证关系对社会现实进行客观分析的积极意义，从而更好的说明实践派的“实践”概念的主观主义和神秘主义的色彩。在文章的最后，我们则承认马克思主义是一种决定论，但马克思的决定论与个人的自由并不是完全对立的关系，我们自由的最终获得，必须建立在对客观必然规律的把握和遵循的基础上。 关键词 实践派 南斯拉夫“实践派” 马克思主义 Abstract Yugoslavia praxis the main constituent which sends as the practice, in it thought advocated the thought and the existence,the main body and the object other unification, separates thetheory and the practice dialectical unification, actually poses as bythe genuine Marxism representative, said the Marxism is not aphilosophy, said the natural diagnostic method is imposes to Marx,said Marxs theory of reflection consciousness certainly can not reflect the objective reality, they also thought Marxs historical materialism with the economic basis and the overtop structure to societys analysis is insignificant, in addition they thought theMarxism the determinism and the individual freedom are contradictory,They take them the practice the concept as the core, constructs -the practice Utopia system, opposes the Marxism by this. This articel bases on the tradition Marxism standpoint, has carried on the analysis and the veto to the above error viewpoint, guards the tradition Marxism the thought and the status. And is clear about in this process, Marx in emphasis practice simultaneously emphasis philosophy importance, in specific significance, not only the Marxism is aphilosophy, moreover Yugoslavia practice faction thought itself also is a philosophy. The practice faction in is