毕业设计（论文）-几个高次微分方程的精确解及其解的模拟.docVIP

几个高次微分方程的精确解及其解的模拟 摘 要 关键词：非线性，辅助方程法，高次微分方程，精确解  EXACT SOLUTIONS FOR SEVERAL HIGH-ORDER DIFFERENTIAL ECOLUTION EQUATIONS WITH ANALOG SOLUTION ABSTRACT Finding the exact solution of highorder differential equations is one of the most important topics in mathematical and physical fields. By using the subsidiary ordinary differential equation(SUb-ODE), we obtain the exact solution of KP equation with power law nonlinearity and exact solution of the D(m,n) equation, including the bell-shaped solitary wave solution, kink solitary wave solution and trigonometric solution. Some interested results are given in this thesis. This thesis is organized as follows: In chapter 1, the development of high-order differential equation and exact solution are introduced, the importance of solving the high-order differential equations are reviewed, and some methods are introduced as well. In chapter 2, the basic idea, deployment and the applying of subsidiary ordinary differential equation are reviewed. In chapter 3, with the aids of the high-order differential equations , the exact solutions of the KP equation and the generalized D(m，n) equations are derived. In chapter 4, the major conclusions of this thesis are listed, and the future development of the exact solution for nonlinear evolution equations is presented. KEY WORDS: Nonlinearity，Secondary equation，high-order differential equation, Exact solution 目 录 前言 随着生产实践和科学技术的发展，微分方程的理论及其精确解法也不断地向前发展并且成为现代数学的重要分支在化学、生物学、力学、电子技术、自动控制和星际航行等学科和现代技术中，微分方程的理论已经成为不可缺少的工具，并日益显出它的巨大作用，同时，也刺激着微分方程精确解法的向前发展。 然而对于一些非线性微分方程，在求精确解时遇到很大的困难。而想要很好的求解这类方程，辅助方程法是一种很有效系统的方法。对于一些高阶、高次微分方程通过行波变换(或其他变换)、形式觯和辅助方程的选择，把非线性发展方程的求解问题转化为非线性代数方程组(或超定微分方程组)的求题。 人们为了寻找非线性发展方程的精确解，提出了许多有效的直接方法．比如：双曲正切函数展开法，齐次平衡法，Jacobi椭圆函数展开法，辅助方程法等．把这些方法直接应用，对高阶、高次强非线性项的发展方程进行求解或对具任意次非线性项的发展方程进行求解比较困难。现在仅有少数十分简单的微分方程问题能直接求得它们的精确解，因此对其精确解法的研究有重要的现实意义。 第一章 高次微分方程的简介 随着科学技术的发展非线性在自然科学领域的作用越来越重要，在许多领域内很多科学问题的研究最终可用非线性发展方程来描述 ，然而如何求解非线性发展方程的精确解一直是数学家和物理学家们研究的重要课题。到目前人们已经发现精确求解非线性