PHP Include方法.docVIP

这几天整理一份很乱的代码，这才意识到php对include处理不是一般的贱：别的编程语言在处理include中的相对目录时，都是以当前处理的文件作为基准。也就是说，如果A包含B，B包含C时，C再包含一个含相对路径的文件，那么路径是相对于C的。这样的处理很自然，符合人们的直觉，也便于开发出路径无关的程序包。 可是PHP不这样，它优先相对工作目录来处理，并且如果路径中包含. ..的话，则只相对于工作目录。也许PHP这样处理有它的理由，有谁知道的不妨告诉我。 下面是解决这一问题的几种方式： __FILE__ __FILE__ always equals to the real path of a php script regardless whether its included. __FILE__ helps you specify the file to include using relative path to the including file. 这种方法首选推荐。虽然你的include语句会因此要写得长一些，但是一个字，值！ PHP代码 ?php include?dirname __FILE__ ./subdir; //dirname?return?value?does?not?contain?the?trailing?slash $_SERVER[DOCUMENT_ROOT] This method allows you to specify a path relative to the web server doc_root for file inclusion. 这也是许多项目在采用的一种不错的方式，就我看来，缺点是，整个项目不方便移动。 例如你一开始放置在/，后来需要放到/abc/下的话，你要改文件（在一个公有文件中计算ROOT的位置，其他文件包含这个共有文件）。特别是当你同一份代码放多处时（例如一个测试环境和一个正式环境），你改文件也不好改。 PHP代码 ?php if? !defined WETSITE_BASE_DIR define WETSITE_BASE_DIR,?$_SERVER[DOCUMENT_ROOT]./Clare/ ; require_once WETSITE_BASE_DIR.includes/global.inc.php ; chdir The include looks for file relative to current working directory. We can use this feature. Its really a fancy way, but Im not sure whether its safe all the time. Who knows? 这种方式感觉稍嫌麻烦了点，随时要记得恢复工作目录也不是容易的事。写完这句话后，我随后写了几个测试文件，发现这种方式的最重要缺点不在麻烦，而在它的副作用：改变了工作目录，这会导致程序逻辑出错。 rainfalling at yahoo dot com 21-Sep-2005 01:06 This is yet another way to include files relative to the current file. I find it easier if you have a lot of includes. PHP代码 ?php $prewd? ?getcwd ;?//?get?the?current?working?directory chdir realpath dirname __FILE__ ;?//?change?working?directory?to?the?location?of?this?file include includedfile.php ;?//?include?relative?to?this?file chdir $prewd ;?//?change?back?to?previous?working?dir set_include_path This way is the most convenient way but its not without flaws. First, not in all cases you have permission to change server configuration. Second, if there are many path specified in include_path, the actually included file may not be the one you expect